Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol: a novel treatment for experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis

Lyman, William D.; Sonett, Joshua R.; Brosnan, Celia F.; Elkin, Robert G.; Bornstein, Murray B.

doi:10.1016/0165-5728(89)90075-1

Cited by 183 publications

(95 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…In animals given THC prior to inoculation, full clinical development of EAE was prevented, suggesting that THC suppressed the immune system (Lyman et al, 1989). In animals given THC after inoculation, onset of symptoms was delayed and clinical index was lowered (Lyman et al, 1989). Histological examination of spinal cords yielded significantly less inflammation in THCtreated animals (Lyman et al, 1989).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lyman et al (1989) administered THC or vehicle to guinea-pigs and rats once daily beginning either several days before or following inoculation with EAE. In animals given THC prior to inoculation, full clinical development of EAE was prevented, suggesting that THC suppressed the immune system (Lyman et al, 1989). In animals given THC after inoculation, onset of symptoms was delayed and clinical index was lowered (Lyman et al, 1989).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In animals given THC after inoculation, onset of symptoms was delayed and clinical index was lowered (Lyman et al, 1989). Histological examination of spinal cords yielded significantly less inflammation in THCtreated animals (Lyman et al, 1989). Wirguin et al (1994) administered D 8 -THC or vehicle daily to rats with EAE beginning several days prior to symptom onset.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cannabinoids and neuroinflammation

Walter

Stella

2004

British J Pharmacology

302

215

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Growing evidence suggests that a major physiological function of the cannabinoid signaling system is to modulate neuroinflammation. This review discusses the anti-inflammatory properties of cannabinoid compounds at molecular, cellular and whole animal levels, first by examining the evidence for anti-inflammatory effects of cannabinoids obtained using in vivo animal models of clinical neuroinflammatory conditions, specifically rodent models of multiple sclerosis, and second by describing the endogenous cannabinoid (endocannabinoid) system components in immune cells. Our aim is to identify immune functions modulated by cannabinoids that could account for their antiinflammatory effects in these animal models.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cannabinoids and neuroinflammation

Walter

Stella

2004

British J Pharmacology

302

215

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“…On this basis, cannabidiol, the nonpsychoactive cannabinoid, ameliorated chronic inflammation in a mouse model of rheumatoid arthritis (Malfait et al, 2000). In experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), ⌬ 9 -tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the major psychotropic constituent of marijuana, was effective in delaying the onset of disease when administered before induction (Lyman et al, 1989). Synthetic cannabinoids also reduce spasticity and tremor in mice with chronic relapsing EAE (Baker et al, 2000), accordingly to their actions on pain and motor pathways in the CNS.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Therapeutic Action of Cannabinoids in a Murine Model of Multiple Sclerosis

et al. 2003

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“…Data from experiments with rats and guinea-pigs [117,118] have indicated that cannabinoid agonists decrease signs of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a mouse model of MS. Mouse studies of EAE have shown decreased neurodegeneration from the administration of cannabinoid agonists and greatly increased susceptibility to the disease in CB1-Knock out mice, and the important neuroprotective role of CB1 (as evidenced by greatly increased neurodegeneration in CB1-KO mice) has been a focus in such studies [119].…”

Section: Multiple Sclerosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Cannabis and endocannabinoid modulators: Therapeutic promises and challenges

Grant

Cahn

2005

Clinical Neuroscience Research

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The discovery that botanical cannabinoids such as delta-9 tetrahydrocannabinol exert some of their effect through binding specific cannabinoid receptor sites has led to the discovery of an endocannabinoid signaling system, which in turn has spurred research into the mechanisms of action and addiction potential of cannabis on the one hand, while opening the possibility of developing novel therapeutic agents on the other. This paper reviews current understanding of CB1, CB2, and other possible cannabinoid receptors, their arachidonic acid derived ligands (e.g. anandamide; 2 arachidonoyl glycerol), and their possible physiological roles. CB1 is heavily represented in the central nervous system, but is found in other tissues as well; CB2 tends to be localized to immune cells. Activation of the endocannabinoid system can result in enhanced or dampened activity in various neural circuits depending on their own state of activation. This suggests that one function of the endocannabinoid system may be to maintain steady state. The therapeutic action of botanical cannabis or of synthetic molecules that are agonists, antagonists, or which may otherwise modify endocannabinoid metabolism and activity indicates they may have promise as neuroprotectants, and may be of value in the treatment of certain types of pain, epilepsy, spasticity, eating disorders, inflammation, and possibly blood pressure control.

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Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol: a novel treatment for experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis

Cited by 183 publications

References 19 publications

Cannabinoids and neuroinflammation

Cannabinoids and neuroinflammation

Therapeutic Action of Cannabinoids in a Murine Model of Multiple Sclerosis

Cannabis and endocannabinoid modulators: Therapeutic promises and challenges

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