δ<sup>13</sup>C<sub>org</sub>chemostratigraphy of the Permian‐Triassic boundary in the Maitai Group, New Zealand: Evidence for high‐latitudinal methane release

Krull, Evelyn S.; Retallack, Gregory J.; Campbell, Hamish J.; Lyon, G. L.

doi:10.1080/00288306.2000.9514868

Cited by 115 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…1016/j.gca.2011.01.027 intense volcanic activity in Siberia led to a global environmental change due to voluminous gases and volcanic ash production (Bowring et al, 1998;Wignall, 2001;Kamo et al, 2003;Mundil et al, 2004;Svensen et al, 2009;Saunders and Reichow, 2009). Furthermore, several studies have suggested that volcanic activity could result in CH 4 release from gas hydrate reservoirs, which could have contribute to marine anoxia and global warming (Krull et al, 2000;Pancost et al, 2007;Retallack and Jahren, 2008). The boundary clay in the Meishan section was confirmed to be of volcanic origin and high-precision U-Pb zircon geochronology showed that the mass extinction was synchronous with the Siberian flood volcanism (Bowring et al, 1998;Wignall, 2001;Kamo et al, 2003;Mundil et al, 2004;Svensen et al, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Evidence for wildfire in the Meishan section and implications for Permian–Triassic events

Shen

Sun

Lin

et al. 2011

Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Evidence for wildfire in the Meishan section and implications for Permian–Triassic events

Shen

Sun

Lin

et al. 2011

Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta

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“…The existence of a large δ 13 C excursion at the Permian‐Triassic boundary 251 Ma [ Krull et al , 2000] has been hypothesized to originate from a large release of methane, most likely from the destabilization of continental shelf methane clathrates [ Berner , 2002; de Wit et al , 2002]. This argument is also used for explaining the δ 13 C excursions at the Paleocene‐Eocene thermal maximum [ Dickens et al , 1995] and in the early Jurassic period [ Kemp et al , 2005].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling the response to changes in tropospheric methane concentration: Application to the Permian‐Triassic boundary

et al. 2006

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[1] We discuss model experiments valid for the Permian-Triassic boundary in which we explore the impact of changes in tropospheric methane concentration. For scenarios relevant to methane clathrate release, we consider surface methane concentration with values up to 5000 times its preindustrial concentration. We employ a comprehensive three-dimensional tropospheric-stratospheric model with chemistry that allows for the feedbacks between chemistry and climate. We show that stratospheric ozone starts collapsing for methane surface concentrations on the order of 1000 times their preindustrial concentration. At 5000 times, more than half of the total ozone column has disappeared. As a result a large rise (up to a factor of 7) in surface UV-B radiation is found. Other chemical consequences include a rise in CO and ozone surface concentrations; although becoming very large (up to 17 ppmv for CO), neither seems to reach lethal values according to present-day life forms. Finally, we show that tropospheric OH does not collapse for any of the scenarios; a corollary of this is a finite methane lifetime (45 years at the most). As a result, if methane were to increase significantly enough over a short period, the associated UV-B increase and/or deterioration of surface conditions could provide an explanation for the landmass extinction at the Permian-Triassic boundary.

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“…2001), oceanic overturn (Knoll et al . 1996), excessive methane release (Krull et al . 2000; Sheldon & Retallack 2002), global warming (Ward et al .…”

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confidence: 99%

Lystrosaurus species composition across the Permo–Triassic boundary in the Karoo Basin of South Africa

Botha‐Brink

Smith

2007

LET

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Lystrosaurus is one of the few therapsid genera that survived the end-Permian mass extinction, and the only genus to have done so in abundance. This study identifies which species of Lystrosaurus have been recovered from Permian and Triassic strata to determine changes in the species composition across the Permo-Triassic (P-T) boundary in the Karoo Basin of South Africa. Data generated from museum collections and recent fieldwork were used to stratigraphically arrange a total of 189 Lystrosaurus specimens to determine which species survived the extinction event. Results reveal that L. curvatus and L. maccaigi lived together on the Karoo floodplains immediately before the extinction event. L. maccaigi did not survive into the Triassic in South Africa. L. curvatus survived, but did not flourish and soon became extinct. Two new species of Lystrosaurus , L. murrayi and L. declivis , appeared in the Early Triassic. It is possible that L. murrayi and L. declivis occupied different niches to L. maccaigi and L. curvatus , and had special adaptations that were advantageous in an Early Triassic environment. We suggest that L. maccaigi may be used as a biostratigraphic marker to indicate latest Permian strata in South Africa and that, in support of previous proposals, the genus Lystrosaurus should not be used as a sole indicator of Triassic-aged strata. Our field data also show that L. curvatus may be regarded as a biostratigraphic indicator of the P-T boundary interval. ᮀ End-Permian extinction, Karoo Basin, Lystrosaurus , PermoTriassic.

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δ¹³C_orgchemostratigraphy of the Permian‐Triassic boundary in the Maitai Group, New Zealand: Evidence for high‐latitudinal methane release

Abstract: Carbon isotopic studies from

Cited by 115 publications

References 63 publications

Evidence for wildfire in the Meishan section and implications for Permian–Triassic events

Evidence for wildfire in the Meishan section and implications for Permian–Triassic events

Modeling the response to changes in tropospheric methane concentration: Application to the Permian‐Triassic boundary

Lystrosaurus species composition across the Permo–Triassic boundary in the Karoo Basin of South Africa

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δ13Corgchemostratigraphy of the Permian‐Triassic boundary in the Maitai Group, New Zealand: Evidence for high‐latitudinal methane release

Abstract: Carbon isotopic studies from

Cited by 115 publications

References 63 publications

Evidence for wildfire in the Meishan section and implications for Permian–Triassic events

Evidence for wildfire in the Meishan section and implications for Permian–Triassic events

Modeling the response to changes in tropospheric methane concentration: Application to the Permian‐Triassic boundary

Lystrosaurus species composition across the Permo–Triassic boundary in the Karoo Basin of South Africa

Contact Info

Product

Resources

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δ¹³C_orgchemostratigraphy of the Permian‐Triassic boundary in the Maitai Group, New Zealand: Evidence for high‐latitudinal methane release