γδ+ T Cells Involvement in Viral Immune Control of Chronic Human Herpesvirus 8 Infection

Abstract

Little is known about what effector populations are associated with the control of human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) infection in vivo. We compared T lymphocyte subsets among HIV−HHV-8+ and HIV−HHV-8− infected human individuals. αβ+ T cells from HHV-8-infected individuals displayed a significantly higher percentage of differentiated effector cells among both CD4+ and CD8+ T cell subsets. HHV-8 infection was associated with significant expansion of γδ+ Vδ1 T cells expressing a differentiated effector cell phenotype in peripheral blood. In vitro stimulation of PBMC from HHV-8-infected individuals with either infectious viral particles or different HHV-8 viral proteins resulted in γδ Vδ1 T cell activation. In addition, γδ Vδ1 T cells displayed a strong reactivity against HHV-8-infected cell lines and prevented the release of infectious viral particles following the induction of lyric replication. These data indicate that γδ T cells play a role in both innate and adaptive T cell responses against HHV-8 in immunocompetent individuals.

The Single RBP-Jκ Site within the LANA Promoter Is Crucial for Establishing Kaposi's Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus Latency during Primary Infection

“…Previous reports showed that KSHV infects PBMCs which, in turn, produce virions to infect other cells like endothelial cells and so potentially contribute to development of KS (53). A number of groups have shown that KSHV can be detected in PBMCs of immunocompetent patients (2,3,5,27,30,51,61,79). Recently, Don Ganem's group showed that KSHV can infect primary human tonsillar lymphoid cells (55).…”

Characterization of γδ T cell subsets in organ transplantation

“…Vd1 T cells recognize heterogeneous and not well-defined antigens, which in most instances appear to be self-antigens whose expression is induced by cell stress, bacterial and particularly viral infections [26]. Expansion of peripheral blood cd T cells and/or skewed TCR repertoires of Vd1 T cells have indeed been observed in patients with various viral infections [10,[27][28][29][30]. For instance, Vd1 cells substantially expand in the course of HIV [31,32] and CMV [27] infections.…”

Targeting γδ T Cells For Immunotherapy of HIV Disease

“…Few antigen-specific responses have been reported for human Vδ1 cells, and there are few associations between specific Vγ chain use and function [27]. More recently, Vδ1 cell responses to Candida albicans , including production of IL-17 [28], and human herpes-virus-8 [29] have been reported. Additionally, a recent study in SIV-infected macaques argued that intestinal microbial translocation in pathogenically infected animals released stimulatory molecules into blood that triggered Vδ1 cell proliferation [30].…”