γ-Ray-induced Formation of Gold Sol from Chloroauric Acid Solution

Preparation and stabilization of monodisperse colloidal gold by reduction with aminodextran

“…Various approaches differ mainly in the way the electrons needed for the reduction are provided. In some cases they are generated ''in situ" by exposing a tetrachloroauric(III) acid solution to visible [21] or ultraviolet light [22,23], gamma rays [24], pulse radiolysis, or laser beams [25]. In most cases the source of electrons is a dedicated reducing agent, such as phosphorous [2,26], citric or salicylic acids [26][27][28], oleylamine [29], polyols [30][31][32], hydrazine [33], borohydrides [33][34][35], hydrogen peroxide [36], and alcohols [37][38][39][40][41].…”

Structural properties of `naked' gold nanoparticles formed by synchrotron X-ray irradiation

“…To meet this challenge, chemical reduction methods are most often used. Radiolytic approaches have also been extensively explored since the 1960s (Fujita et al, 1962) and the corresponding reactions were systematically studied (Belloni et al, 1998;Gachard et al, 1998). Photon-stimulated processes indeed offer several advantages: no need for the preliminary use of reducing agents, well characterized reaction parameters and the production of highly reduced pure nanoparticles.…”

Stabilizer-free nanosized gold sols

“…The vast majority of the processes, however, involve the reduction of gold compounds in solutions. The electrons needed in the latter process can be either generated 'in situ,' as for example in cases where HAuCl 4 solutions are subjected to γ rays [31][32][33], pulse radiolysis [34], ultraviolet [35], and visible [36] radiation, or can be supplied by various reducing chemical species present in solution. Since the redox potential of gold is high, the list of compounds capable to reduce the oxidized metallic species to the elemental state is quite extensive.…”