β-Resorcylic Acid, a Phytophenolic Compound, Reduces Campylobacter jejuni in Postharvest Poultry

Wagle, Basanta R.; Arsi, Komala; Upadhyay, Abhinav; Shrestha, Sandip; Venkitanarayanan, Kumar; Donoghue, Annie; Donoghue, Dan

doi:10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-16-475

Cited by 19 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…In the present study, we used primary chicken enterocytes as a model to determine the efficacy of carvacrol in reducing the attachment ability of C. jejuni to chicken gut epithelium. The effect of carvacrol was investigated at SIC because the SIC of antimicrobial is known to modulate virulence properties of bacteria including C. jejuni ( Van Alphen et al., 2012 ; Castillo et al., 2014 ; Upadhyay et al., 2017 ; Wagle et al., 2017a , b ; Shrestha et al., 2019 a , b ; Wagle et al., 2019 ) without killing them or inhibiting their growth.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carvacrol attenuates Campylobacter jejuni colonization factors and proteome critical for persistence in the chicken gut

et al. 2020

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Campylobacter jejuni is a major foodborne pathogen that causes gastroenteritis in humans. Chickens act as the reservoir host for C. jejuni , wherein the pathogen asymptomatically colonizes the ceca leading to contamination of carcasses during slaughter. The major colonization factors in C. jejuni include motility, intestinal epithelial attachment, acid/bile tolerance, and quorum sensing. Reducing the expression of the aforementioned factors could potentially reduce C. jejuni colonization in chickens. This study investigated the efficacy of subinhibitory concentration ( SIC ; compound concentration not inhibiting bacterial growth) of carvacrol in reducing the expression of C. jejuni colonization factors in vitro. Moreover, the effect of carvacrol on the expression of C. jejuni proteome was investigated using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The motility assay was conducted at 42°C, and the motility zone was measured after 24 h of incubation. For the adhesion assay, monolayers of primary chicken enterocytes (∼10 5 cells/well) were inoculated with C. jejuni (6 log cfu/well) either in the presence or absence of carvacrol, and the adhered C. jejuni were enumerated after 90 min of incubation at 42°C. The effect of carvacrol on C. jejuni quorum sensing and susceptibility to acid/bile stress was investigated using a bioluminescence assay and an acid–bile survival assay, respectively. The SIC (0.002%) of carvacrol reduced the motility of C. jejuni strains S-8 and NCTC 81-176 by ∼50 and 35%, respectively ( P < 0.05). Carvacrol inhibited C. jejuni S-8 and NCTC 81-176 adhesion to chicken enterocytes by ∼0.8 and 1.5 log cfu/mL, respectively ( P < 0.05). Moreover, carvacrol reduced autoinducer-2 activity and increased the susceptibility of C. jejuni to acid and bile in both the strains ( P < 0.05). Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry revealed that the SIC of carvacrol reduced the expression of selected C. jejuni colonization proteins critical for motility (methyl-accepting chemotaxis protein), adhesion (GroL), growth and metabolism (AspA, AcnB, Icd, Fba, Ppa, AnsA, Ldh, Eno, PurB-1), and anaerobic respiration (NapB, HydB, SdhA, NrfA) ( P < 0.05). Results suggest the mechanisms by which carvacrol could reduce C. jejuni colonization in chickens.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carvacrol attenuates Campylobacter jejuni colonization factors and proteome critical for persistence in the chicken gut

et al. 2020

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“…Four wild-type strains (S-1, S-3, S-4, S-8) of C. jejuni isolated from commercial poultry were cultured according to a standard published method (Wagle et al, 2017a,b). Each C. jejuni strain was cultured in Campylobacter enrichment broth ( CEB ; catalog no.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Numerous studies have focused on plant-derived antimicrobials as an alternative of conventional chemical-based treatments to decontaminate food products (Pei et al, 2009; Mattson et al, 2011; Olaimat et al, 2014; Calo et al, 2015; Olaimat and Holley, 2015; Upadhyay et al, 2015, 2016; Woo-Ming, 2015; Wagle et al, 2017a). The antimicrobial coating on poultry products represents a viable intervention to reduce or eliminate foodborne pathogens (Cagri et al, 2004; Ricke and Hanning, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pectin or chitosan coating fortified with eugenol reduces Campylobacter jejunion chicken wingettes and modulates expression of critical survival genes

et al. 2019

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Campylobacter jejuni infection in humans is strongly associated with the consumption of contaminated poultry products. With increasing consumer demand for minimally processed and natural product, there is a need for novel intervention strategies for controlling C. jejuni. Antimicrobial coatings are increasingly being used for preventing food contamination due to their efficacy and continuous protection of product. This study investigated the efficacy of pectin and chitosan coating fortified with eugenol to reduce C. jejuni on chicken wingettes. Pectin, chitosan, and eugenol are generally recognized as safe status compounds derived from berries, crustaceans, and cloves respectively. Each wingette was inoculated with a mixture of 4 wild-type strains of C. jejuni (approximately 107 CFU/sample) and randomly assigned to controls, pectin (3%), chitosan (2%), eugenol (0.5, 1, or 2%), or their combinations. Following 1 min of coating, wingettes were air-dried, vacuum sealed, and sampled on 0, 1, 3, 5, and 7 d of refrigerated storage for C. jejuni and aerobic counts (n = 5 wingettes/treatment/d). In addition, the effect of treatments on wingette color and expression of C. jejuni survival/virulence genes was evaluated. All 3 doses of eugenol or chitosan significantly reduced C. jejuni and aerobic bacteria from 0 d through 7 d. Incorporation of 2% eugenol in chitosan improved coating efficiency and reduced C. jejuni counts by approximately 3 Log CFU/sample at the end of 7 d of storage (P < 0.05). Similarly, the antimicrobial efficacy of pectin was improved by 2% eugenol and the coating reduced C. jejuni by approximately 2 Log CFU/sample at 7 d of storage. Chitosan coating with 2% eugenol also showed greater reductions of total aerobic counts as compared to individual treatments of eugenol and chitosan. No significant difference in the color of chicken wingettes was observed between treatments. Exposure of C. jejuni to eugenol, chitosan, or combination significantly modulated select genes encoding for motility, quorum sensing, and stress response. Results demonstrate the potential of pectin or chitosan coating fortified with eugenol as a postharvest intervention against C. jejuni contamination on poultry products.

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“…Four wild‐type strains (S1, S3, S4, and S8) of C. jejuni were cultured separately as described previously (Wagle et al, ) in Campylobacter enrichment broth (CEB, Neogen, Lansing, MI) for 48 hr under microaerophilic conditions at 42°C. All the strains were centrifuged at 1,864 g for 10 min and washed twice in Butterfield's phosphate diluent (BPD; 0.625 mM potassium dihydrogen phosphate, pH 7.2).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The experiments were 6 × 3, 12 × 3, and 12 × 3 completely randomized design for EG suspension, emulsion, and nanoemulsion trials, respectively, with 6 or 12 treatments and three time points (0, 8, and 24 hr). For the bacterial data analysis, bacterial counts were logarithmic transformed to maintain the homogeneity of variance (Wagle et al, ). For color analysis, data from both the trials were pooled for each treatment and control to minimize the variability in samples from different batches of processing used for this study.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eugenol as an antimicrobial wash treatment reduces Campylobacter jejuni in postharvest poultry

Wagle

Arsi

Shrestha

et al. 2019

Journal of Food Safety

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The efficacy of the natural plant‐derived compound, eugenol (EG), as an antimicrobial wash treatment to reduce Campylobacter jejuni in postharvest poultry was investigated. The antimicrobial efficacy of EG was studied as a suspension, emulsion, or nanoemulsion treatment (two trials each). In each trial, chicken skin samples were inoculated with C. jejuni (∼7.2 Log CFU/sample), washed with treatments (0, 0.125, 0.25, 0.5, 1, or 2% EG corresponds to 0, 7.61, 15.22, 30.45, 60.90, or 121.8 mM, respectively) for 1 min, drip dried for 2 min, and then processed at 0, 8, and 24 hr of refrigerated storage (n = 5 samples/treatment/time point). All doses of the EG suspension consistently reduced C. jejuni counts with the greatest reduction (>2.0 Log CFU/sample) for the 2% dose when compared with controls (p < .05). EG emulsions or nanoemulsions did not provide any additional reduction in C. jejuni when compared to EG suspension. Our results suggest that EG could be an effective postharvest intervention strategy for reducing C. jejuni contamination on poultry products. Practical Applications Campylobacter jejuni, a leading cause of foodborne illness in humans, is strongly associated with the consumption of contaminated poultry products. Interventions reducing C. jejuni contamination in poultry would reduce the risk of subsequent human infections. In this study, the antimicrobial efficacy of eugenol was studied in three different delivery systems; suspension, emulsion, or nanoemulsion. Our results demonstrated that eugenol was effective in reducing C. jejuni counts on chicken skin and can be used as a potential strategy to reduce Campylobacter on poultry products.

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β-Resorcylic Acid, a Phytophenolic Compound, Reduces Campylobacter jejuni in Postharvest Poultry

Cited by 19 publications

References 71 publications

Carvacrol attenuates Campylobacter jejuni colonization factors and proteome critical for persistence in the chicken gut

Carvacrol attenuates Campylobacter jejuni colonization factors and proteome critical for persistence in the chicken gut

Pectin or chitosan coating fortified with eugenol reduces Campylobacter jejunion chicken wingettes and modulates expression of critical survival genes

Eugenol as an antimicrobial wash treatment reduces Campylobacter jejuni in postharvest poultry

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