β-Cell regeneration: the pancreatic intrinsic faculty

Desgraz, Renaud; Bonal, Claire; Herrera, Pedro Luis

doi:10.1016/j.tem.2010.09.004

Cited by 88 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 132 publications

(146 reference statements)

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“…Current knowledge about different injury models is summarized in a recent review by Desgraz et al 30 To extend our analysis of whether Sox9 + cells are able to give rise to endocrine cells in vivo, we examined three additional injury models in which b-cell regeneration has been suggested to occur. marker-expressing cells in Matrigel cultures.…”

Section: ©2 0 1 1 L a N D E S B I O S C I E N C E D O N O T D I S Tmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progenitor cell domains in the developing and adult pancreas

et al. 2011

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Unlike organs with defined stem cell compartments, such as the intestine, the pancreas has limited capacity to regenerate. The question of whether the adult pancreas harbors facultative stem/progenitor cells has been a prime subject of debate. Cumulative evidence from recent genetic lineage tracing studies, in which specific cell populations were marked and traced in adult mice, suggests that endocrine and acinar cells are no longer generated from progenitors in the adult pancreas. These studies further indicate that adult pancreatic ductal cells are not a source for endocrine cells following pancreatic injury, as previously suggested. Our own studies have shown that adult ductal cells reinitiate expression of some endocrine progenitor markers, including Ngn3, after injury by partial duct ligation (PDL), but that these cells do not undergo endocrine cell differentiation. Here, we present additional evidence that endocrine cells do not arise from ducts following b-cell ablation by streptozotocin or by a diphtheria toxin-expressing transgene or when b-cell ablation is combined with PDL. In this review, we discuss findings from recent lineage tracing studies of embryonic and adult pancreatic ductal cells. Based upon the combined evidence from these studies, we propose that multipotency is associated with a specific transcriptional signature

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Section: ©2 0 1 1 L a N D E S B I O S C I E N C E D O N O T D I S Tmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progenitor cell domains in the developing and adult pancreas

et al. 2011

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“…he pancreas is both an endocrine and exocrine gland [1]. The exocrine section releases digestive enzymes, aiding in the digestion of food [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical and Biological Aspects of Extracts from Medicinal Plants with Antidiabetic Effects

Gushiken¹,

Beserra²,

Rozza³

et al. 2016

Rev Diabet Stud

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■ AbstractDiabetes mellitus is a chronic disease and a leading cause of death in western countries. Despite advancements in the clinical management of the disease, it is not possible to control the late complications of diabetes. The main characteristic feature of diabetes is hyperglycemia, which reflects the deterioration in the use of glucose due to a faulty or poor response to insulin secretion. Alloxan and streptozotocin (STZ) are the chemical tools that are most commonly used to study the disease in rodents. Many plant species have been used in ethnopharmacology or to treat experimentally symptoms of this disease. When evaluated pharmacologically, most of the plants employed as antidiabetic substances have been shown to exhibit hypoglycemic and antihyperglycemic activities, and to contain chemical constituents that may be used as new antidiabetic agents. There are many substances extracted from plants that offer antidiabetic potential, whereas others may result in hypoglycemia as a side effect due to their toxicity, particularly their hepatotoxicity. In this article we present an updated overview of the studies on extracts from medicinal plants, relating the mechanisms of action by which these substances act and the natural principles of antidiabetic activity.

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“…Today, it is recognized that the functional β-cell mass in human is somewhat dynamic and that maintenance does occur during postnatal life in response to ever-changing physiological demands, such as during disease, aging or pregnancy. However, the degree of islet cell expansion in human is low compared to that in rodents [15,16]. Furthermore, as lineage tracing cannot be done in humans, it has been impossible to determine the origin of new arising β-cells in humans.…”

Section: Pancreatic Regenerationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Partial duct ligation (PDL) is a model of pancreatic injury forcing the generation of new β-cells (islet regeneration). However, these negative findings could be due to very poor labeling of the duct cells [25].…”

Section: β-Cell Neogenesis From Ductal Precursorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Reg Proteins in Pancreatic Regeneration

He¹

2016

J Mol Biomark Diagn

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Diabetes mellitus is a widespread disease which an estimated 285 million people in the world suffer from, and these numbers are on the rise making it one of the largest threats to human health in the coming decades. Early research has shown that restoration of the β cell mass by either stimulating β cell replication or β cell neogenesis may be a viable strategy in diabetes therapy. Some proteins such as the INGAP (hamster Reg3delta) have been shown to be involved in β cell regeneration and therefore may be potential sources of new drugs for diabetes treatment. The INGAP protein and peptide as well as other members of the Reg3 family of proteins such as HIP (human Reg3alpha/β) have been shown to have an effect on β cell regeneration, however this effect as well as their mechanism of action in the pancreas is unclear. This review described current knowledge about the mechanism of action and activity of INGAP and other members of the Reg3 family of proteins in β cell regeneration. Keywords: Diabetes mellitus; Reg proteins; Pancreas; Islet regeneration The Family of Reg ProteinsThe family of Reg proteins have over the past several years received much attention because the Reg proteins are highly upregulated during pancreatic regeneration and in diabetic patients [1][2][3]. Their roles are very intriguing but poorly understood. The Reg family constitutes a conserved protein family in human and rodents. The Reg proteins are divided into four classes based on their primary protein structure: Reg1, Reg2, Reg3 and Reg4. In the class of Reg1 and Reg3 have different subtypes have been identified. Reg2 is only found in hamster and mouse. All classes except Reg4 have shown to be involved in pancreatic regeneration, for this reason Reg4 will not be described further in this thesis. The different Reg proteins found in mouse, human, rat and hamster, are listed in Table 1 A list of Reg proteins found in four different species. The proteins are grouped into one of four classes, based on their primary structure. For Reg1 and Reg3 different subtypes have been found. The nomenclature of the Reg proteins can be a bit confusing because the proteins have been discovered separately in different fields and therefore given different names. For example, in the literature the Reg3α protein is also referred to as PAP (pancreatitis-associated protein) and HIP (hepatocarcinamo-intestine-pancreas), Reg1 as PTP (pancreatic stone protein), human REG3β as human REG3α and mouse REG3δ as INGAP, which is actually a hamster protein, believed to belong to the Reg3 proteins [2].The Reg proteins are secreted proteins consisting of 155-180 amino acids, supported by presence of human REG3a/β in serum and Reg1 and Reg2 in the lumen of mouse pancreatic ducts [4,5]. They all contain a calcium-dependent carbohydrate binding recognition domain (c-type lectin), but are not known to bind to carbohydrates.Most Reg proteins have six cysteine residues forming disulphide bonds, suggesting relative similar 3D configurations. The genes encoding the different ...

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β-Cell regeneration: the pancreatic intrinsic faculty

Cited by 88 publications

References 132 publications

Progenitor cell domains in the developing and adult pancreas

Progenitor cell domains in the developing and adult pancreas

Chemical and Biological Aspects of Extracts from Medicinal Plants with Antidiabetic Effects

The Role of Reg Proteins in Pancreatic Regeneration

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