β-Catenin N- and C-terminal tails modulate the coordinated binding of adherens junction proteins to β-catenin.

Abstract

This article has been withdrawn by the authors. Errors were identified in several figures. Evaluation by the Journal with image analysis software determined that images were reused to represent different experimental conditions in the GST immunoblots in Fig. 2, A and C, and the N-tail immunoblots in Fig. 3B. The raw data are no longer available to validate the information. The authors have expressed the opinion that none of these errors affect the final conclusions of this article that, according to them, have been validated.

Recruitment of β-Catenin to N-Cadherin Is Necessary for Smooth Muscle Contraction

“…␤-Catenin is a key element of adherens junctions that plays an essential role in cell-cell contacts (13)(14)(15). The…”

“…The Arm domain of ␤-catenin binds to the cytoplasmic domain of cadherins, whereas the N terminus interacts with actin filaments via linker proteins (14,15). Therefore, ␤-catenin is a key element linking transmembrane cadherins to actin filaments at adherens junctions (13,15). We evaluated the effects of the expression of the Arm domain of ␤-catenin on the association of ␤-catenin with N-cadherin in cells.…”

“…The Arm domain of ␤-catenin binds to the cytoplasmic domain of cadherins, and the extracellular domain of cadherins interacts with their counterparts of adjacent cells to form cell-cell contacts. The N terminus of ␤-catenin interacts with actin filaments via linker proteins such as ␣-catenin, vinculin, and VASP (14,15). Therefore, ␤-catenin plays an essential role in connecting actin filaments of cells to the cell-cell interface at adherens junctions (13,15).…”