β-Carotene serum levels in patients with erythropoietic protoporphyria on treatment with the synthetic all-trans isomer or a natural isomeric mixture of β-carotene

Laar, Jutta von; Stahl, Wilhelm; Bolsen, K.; Goerz, G.; Sies, Helmut

doi:10.1016/1011-1344(95)07234-9

Cited by 24 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…A key question addresses the point of whether such antioxidant processes attributable to b-carotene are important in humans. Studies with patients suffering from erythropoietic protoporphyria support the idea that b-carotene quenches excited molecules (25,26). Due to a genetic defect, nonphysiologically high levels of the photosensitizer protoporphyrin IX circulate in the organism, generating singlet oxygen in light-exposed tissues.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 85%

β-Carotene Is an Important Vitamin A Source for Humans

Grune

Lietz

Palou

et al. 2010

The Journal of Nutrition

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466

257

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Experts in the field of carotenoids met at the Hohenheim consensus conference in July 2009 to elucidate the current status of β-carotene research and to summarize the current knowledge with respect to the chemical properties, physiological function, and intake of β-carotene. The experts discussed 17 questions and reached an agreement formulated in a consensus answer in each case. These consensus answers are based on published valid data, which were carefully reviewed by the individual experts and are justified here by background statements. Ascertaining the impact of β-carotene on the total dietary intake of vitamin A is complicated, because the efficiency of conversion of β-carotene to retinol is not a single ratio and different conversion factors have been used in various surveys and following governmental recommendations within different countries. However, a role of β-carotene in fulfilling the recommended intake for vitamin A is apparent from a variety of studies. Thus, besides elucidating the various functions, distribution, and uptake of β-carotene, the consensus conference placed special emphasis on the provitamin A function of β-carotene and the role of β-carotene in the realization of the required/recommended total vitamin A intake in both developed and developing countries. There was consensus that β-carotene is a safe source of vitamin A and that the provitamin A function of β-carotene contributes to vitamin A intake.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 85%

β-Carotene Is an Important Vitamin A Source for Humans

Grune

Lietz

Palou

et al. 2010

The Journal of Nutrition

Self Cite

466

257

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“…It is suggested that Crts (especially β-carotene and canthaxanthin) could act as efficient scavengers of excited triplet states of endogenous photosensitizers, such as protoporphyrin, which is accumulated in the blood and skin of patients with inherited erythropoietic protoporphyria [141]. They were also demonstrated to be effective in the treatment of polymorphous light eruptions [142].…”

Section: Oxidative Stress Disease and Carotenoidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential Role of Carotenoids as Antioxidants in Human Health and Disease

2014

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Carotenoids constitute a ubiquitous group of isoprenoid pigments. They are very efficient physical quenchers of singlet oxygen and scavengers of other reactive oxygen species. Carotenoids can also act as chemical quenchers undergoing irreversible oxygenation. The molecular mechanisms underlying these reactions are still not fully understood, especially in the context of the anti- and pro-oxidant activity of carotenoids, which, although not synthesized by humans and animals, are also present in their blood and tissues, contributing to a number of biochemical processes. The antioxidant potential of carotenoids is of particular significance to human health, due to the fact that losing antioxidant-reactive oxygen species balance results in “oxidative stress”, a critical factor of the pathogenic processes of various chronic disorders. Data coming from epidemiological studies and clinical trials strongly support the observation that adequate carotenoid supplementation may significantly reduce the risk of several disorders mediated by reactive oxygen species. Here, we would like to highlight the beneficial (protective) effects of dietary carotenoid intake in exemplary widespread modern civilization diseases, i.e., cancer, cardiovascular or photosensitivity disorders, in the context of carotenoids’ unique antioxidative properties.

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“…For over 30 years, carotenoids have been successfully used to ameliorate photosensitivity disorders of the skin, e.g. in patients suffering from erythropoietic protoporphyria . It is generally accepted that singlet molecular oxygen and/or molecules in the excited triplet state are responsible for the lesions and that β‐carotene acts as a quencher of this excited species.…”

Section: β‐Carotene and Lycopene In Photoprotectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photoprotection by dietary carotenoids: Concept, mechanisms, evidence and future development

Stahl

Sies

2012

Molecular Nutrition Food Res

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115

104

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Carotenoids are micronutrients present mainly in fruits and vegetables, and they are ingested from these sources with the diet. They exhibit specific antioxidant activity but also influence signaling and gene expression at the cellular level. β-Carotene and lycopene, the colorants of carrots and tomatoes, respectively, are among the most prominent members of this group of lipids, and they are usually the dominating carotenoids in human blood and tissues. Both compounds modulate skin properties when ingested as supplements or as dietary products. There is evidence that they protect the skin against sunburn (solar erythema) by increasing the basal defense against UV light-mediated damage. Their photoprotective efficacy, however, is not comparable to the use of a sunscreen. In vitro data show that also other carotenoids are efficient photoprotectors. Among them are lutein and structurally unusual phenolic polyenes like 3,3'-dihydroxyisorenieratene.

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β-Carotene serum levels in patients with erythropoietic protoporphyria on treatment with the synthetic all-trans isomer or a natural isomeric mixture of β-carotene

Cited by 24 publications

References 12 publications

β-Carotene Is an Important Vitamin A Source for Humans

β-Carotene Is an Important Vitamin A Source for Humans

Potential Role of Carotenoids as Antioxidants in Human Health and Disease

Photoprotection by dietary carotenoids: Concept, mechanisms, evidence and future development

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