β-Adrenergic Blocker, Carvedilol, Abolishes Ameliorating Actions of Adipose-Derived Stem Cell Sheets on Cardiac Dysfunction and Remodeling After Myocardial Infarction

Abstract

Clinical studies have shown that β-blockers could reduce incidence of cardiovascular events, as well as the mortality of patients with chronic heart failure. 7 Carvedilol is a non-selective AR antagonist that blocks β1-and β2-ARs, as well as α1-AR. 8 Carvedilol suppresses SNS activities, and decreases heart rate (HR) and contractility. This action is beneficial to patients with heart failure whose SNS is activated. 9 Carvedilol also causes vasodilation and decreases peripheral vascular resistance without reflex tachycardia by concomitant blockade of α1-and β1-ARs. 10

Esm1 and Stc1 as Angiogenic Factors Responsible for Protective Actions of Adipose-Derived Stem Cell Sheets on Chronic Heart Failure After Rat Myocardial Infarction

“…However, the values of EF in the 3 groups were approximately equal to those found in our previous reports. 12,18,19 Given that the infarct sizes of the 3 groups were proportional to their values of EF, the infarct sizes of the 3 groups in this study were comparable to those found in our previous studies. Second, the effectiveness of the blank sheet was not examined in the present study.…”

“…ADSCs were isolated from the inguinal subcutaneous fat tissue of 8-week-old wild-type (WT) Lewis rats and Tg rats of the same strain, and cultured as described previously. 18,19 To prepare cell sheets, ADSCs were cultured on 35-mm temperature-responsive culture dishes (UpCell, Cell Seed Inc., Tokyo, Japan) in an incubator at 37°C for 48 h. They were then maintained at 20°C for 1 h and were detached as an intact sheet.…”

“…For the 3 MI groups, acute MI was induced by ligation of the left anterior descending artery, as described previously. 12,18,19 Sheet transplantation, as described in our previous report, 12 was performed for the Tg-ADSC and WT-ADSC group rats 7 days after MI.…”

Breathing Signature as Vitality Score Index Created by Exercises of Qigong: Implications of Artificial Intelligence Tools Used in Traditional Chinese Medicine

“…Hypoxia hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs). hypoxia-ischemia [19] Local/regional hypoxia Hippocampus CA3 pyramidal neurons [6] Whole-body hypoxia Heart functions myocardial infarction [4] Breathing patterns Heartbeat/pulse patterns Flattening of the flow velocity (pulse) patterns correlates with the local severity of arteriosclerotic disease [35] Preventive medicine using pulse oximetry screening [36] Pulse transit time (PTT) is the time it takes a pulse wave to travel between two arterial sites (R-wave-gated photo-plethysmography (RWPP) as of measurement of PTT as a surrogate for intra-thoracic pressure changes in obstructive sleep apnea)…”

“…Life is as good as breathing, as organisms sense O 2 levels crucial not only for a developing fetus but also for wellness of a mature individual, as well as for tumor growth. Lack of breathing (deprivation of O 2 ) leads to hypoxia, causing severity such as fetus death, ischemic heart (myocardial infarction [4], and stroke ( [5]), as well as brain injury (learning and memory deficits that are related to loss of CA3 pyramidal neurons [6]). Reflecting on history, researchers can track back to "The Principles of Yellow Emperor's Internal Medicine" (in Chinese pinyin: HuangdiNeijing《黄帝内经》), known as the Bible of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), which was published over 2500 years ago, as a 200,000-word definitive document [7].…”