α1-Acid Glycoprotein and Dietary Intake in End-Stage Renal Disease Patients

Abstract

Management of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients requires monitoring each of the components of malnutrition–inflammation–atherosclerosis (MIA) syndrome. Restrictive diet can negatively affect nutritional status and inflammation. An acute-phase protein—α1-acid glycoprotein (AGP), has been associated with energy metabolism in animal and human studies. The aim of our study was to look for a relationship between serum AGP concentrations, laboratory parameters, and nutrient intake in ESRD patients. The study included 59 patients treated with maintenance hemodialysis. A 24 h recall assessed dietary intake during four non-consecutive days—two days in the post-summer period, and two post-winter. Selected laboratory tests were performed: complete blood count, serum iron, total iron biding capacity (TIBC) and unsaturated iron biding capacity (UIBC), vitamin D, AGP, C-reactive protein (CRP), albumin, prealbumin, and phosphate–calcium metabolism markers (intact parathyroid hormone, calcium, phosphate). Recorded dietary intake was highly deficient. A majority of patients did not meet recommended daily requirements for energy, protein, fiber, iron, magnesium, folate, and vitamin D. AGP correlated positively with CRP (R = 0.66), platelets (R = 0.29), and negatively with iron (R = −0.27) and TIBC (R = −0.30). AGP correlated negatively with the dietary intake of plant protein (R = −0.40), potassium (R = −0.27), copper (R = −0.30), vitamin B6 (R = −0.27), and folates (R = −0.27), p < 0.05. However, in multiple regression adjusted for confounders, only CRP was significantly associated with AGP. Our results indicate that in hemodialyzed patients, serum AGP is weakly associated with dietary intake of several nutrients, including plant protein.

Inquiry of the Metabolic Traits in Relationship with Daily Magnesium Intake: Focus on Type 2 Diabetic Population

“…According to some data, many patients diagnosed with end-stage renal disease and under chronic dialysis have inappropriate daily magnesium intake, especially since these are associated with a low-sodium diet. Another perspective showcased the correlation between low dietary nutrient intake and increased risk of developing chronic renal impairment [ 106 , 107 , 108 ]. This aspect might be explained by the calcification of the vascular smooth muscle cells as promoted by magnesium deficiency in addition to the higher risk of atherosclerosis, endothelial dysfunction, and metabolic syndrome components including type 2 diabetes [ 109 , 110 , 111 , 112 ].…”

Geriatric nutritional risk index predicts all-cause mortality in the oldest-old patients with acute coronary syndrome: A 10-year cohort study

“…Inflammation is a crucial factor in the development of ACS, and it also makes a significant contribution to malnutrition. The malnutrition-inflammation-atherosclerosis (MIA) syndrome has already been proposed as a crucial component of geriatric syndrome (50)(51)(52). GNRI was strongly associated with the progression of atherosclerosis in elderly CAD patients (53).…”

Susceptibility of Human Plasma N-glycome to Low-Calorie and Different Weight-Maintenance Diets

“…Increased levels of all AGP highly branched glycan structures (tri- and tetra-antennary alike) have previously been associated with different chronic inflammatory conditions [ 65 ]. However, it seems that AGP levels are increased during calorie restriction which, at least partially explains the observed increase in tetragalactosylated and tetrasialylated structures [ 66 , 67 ]. Moreover, enhanced levels of antennary fucose on glycan structures are also a consequence of the increased AGP levels since most of the structures with α1,3 linked fucose on tri-, and tetra-antennary sialylated glycan predominantly originate from AGP.…”