α-Tocopherol Transfer Protein Is Specifically Localized at the Implantation Site of Pregnant Mouse Uterus

Kaempf-Rotzoll, Daisy E.; Igarashi, Kazuyoshi; Aoki, Junken; Jishage, Kou Ichi; Suzuki, Hiroshi; Tamai, Hiroshi; Linderkamp, Otwin; Arai, Hiroyuki

doi:10.1095/biolreprod67.2.599

Cited by 62 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…α -TTP knockout mice present with infertility due to vitE defi ciency [11,17] . In addition, α -TTP has been shown to be increased in implantation sites 3 -4 days after implantation in mice [12] . This could imply a role for both α -TTP and vitE in normal implantation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…α -Tocopherol transfer protein ( α -TTP), with its high affi nity for α -tocopherol, plays a major role in maintaining adequate plasma α -tocopherol levels [1,13] . While α -TTP was initially described as a cytosolic liver protein [25,26] , it has been identifi ed in pregnant mouse uterus and term human placenta [11,12,14] . Recently, it was shown by our group for the fi rst time that α -TTP was present in fi rst-trimester placenta [24] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Oxidative stress stimulates α-tocopherol transfer protein in human trophoblast tumor cells BeWo

Etzl¹,

Vrekoussis

Kühn

et al. 2012

Journal of Perinatal Medicine

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Abstractα -Tocopherol transfer protein ( α -TTP) has been identifi ed as the major intracellular transport protein for the antioxidant vitamin E ( α -tocopherol). Expression of α -TTP on the reproductive system has been described both in mouse uterus and lately in the human placenta. The aim of this study was to clarify if placental expression of α -TTP can be modifi ed by substances causing oxidative reactions. The human choriocarcinoma cell line BeWo was, therefore, treated with two known pro-oxidants. α -TTP expression was determined with immunocytochemistry and evaluated by applying a semiquantitative score. The presence of pro-oxidants in BeWo cells induced α -TTP expression. We thus hypothesize that stimulation of α -TTP expression by oxidative stress, as this was induced by pro-oxidants, could be part of an antioxidant process occurring in the placenta in the aim of enhancing the supply of α -tocopherol. This process could occur both in normal pregnancies, as well as in pregnancy disorders presented with intensifi ed oxidative stress. In that view, this model is proposed for further oxidative stress studies on trophoblast and placenta, on the grounds of clarifying the role of α -tocopherol in pregnancy physiology and pathophysiology.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidative stress stimulates α-tocopherol transfer protein in human trophoblast tumor cells BeWo

Etzl¹,

Vrekoussis

Kühn

et al. 2012

Journal of Perinatal Medicine

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“…This is mainly due to the presence of a-tocopherol transfer protein (a-TTP) in liver (Sato et al, 1991), which preferentially facilitates the incorporation of a-tocopherol, but not of gtocopherol or other forms of vitamin E, into very low density lipoproteins (VLDL), which are released into the circulation (Traber & Arai, 1999). The presence of a-TTP in uterus has recently been demonstrated in mice (Kaempf-Rotzoll et al, 2002), playing an important role in supplying the placenta and the fetus with a-tocopherol throughout pregnancy. Although little is known about lipid-soluble vitamin placental transfer (Moriss et al, 1994), placental transfer of gtocopherol may depend, among other factors, on maternal plasma concentration.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between plasma fatty acid profile and antioxidant vitamins during normal pregnancy

et al. 2004

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Objective: To study the changes of plasma fatty acids and lipophilic vitamins during normal pregnancy. Design: Plasma fatty acid profile and the concentration of carotenoids, tocopherols and retinol were measured in healthy women at the first and third trimesters of pregnancy, at delivery, and in cord blood plasma. Results: Maternal plasma cholesterol and triglycerides increased from the first to the third trimester of gestation, while free fatty acids progressively increased from the first trimester through the third trimester to delivery, suggesting an enhanced lipolytic activity. Plasma levels of a-and g-tocopherols, lycopene and b-carotene also progressively increased with gestation, but values in cord blood plasma were lower than in mothers at delivery. Retinol levels declined with gestational time and values in cord blood plasma were even lower. The proportion of total saturated fatty acids increased with gestation, and it further increased in cord blood plasma. Total n-9 fatty acids remained stable throughout pregnancy, and slightly declined in cord blood plasma, the change mainly corresponding to oleic acid. Total n-6 fatty acids declined with gestation and further decreased in cord blood plasma, and a similar trend was found for linoleic acid. However, arachidonic acid declined in women at the third trimester and at delivery as compared to the first trimester, but was enhanced in cord blood plasma. The proportion of total n-3 fatty acids remained stable throughout pregnancy at the expense of decreased a-linolenic acid at delivery but enhanced eicosapentaenoic acid, with small changes in docosahexaenoic acid. The proportion of these n-3 fatty acids was similar in cord blood plasma and maternal plasma at delivery. Conclusions: Owing to the different placental transfer mechanisms and fetal capability to metabolize some of the transferred fatty acids and lipophilic vitamins, the fetus preserves the essential compounds to assure their appropriate availability to sustain its normal development and to protect itself from the oxidative stress of extrauterine life.

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“…As α-TTP is also abundantly expressed in the placenta, the importance of α-TOH in preventing fetus resorption is evident [98] . Furthermore, α-TTP is also expressed in several other tissues [76] , such as rat brain, spleen, lung and kidney [99] , the pregnant mouse uterus [100] , retina [101] and central nervous system [21] , suggesting an ubiquitous role for α-TTP in intra-organ trafficking [102] . Hosomi et al [103] estimated the relative affinities of α-TTP to the different vitamin E forms and stereoisomers starting from RRR-α-TOH set to 100%: β-TOH (38%), α-T3 (12%), SRR-α-TOH (11%), γ-TOH and trolox (9%) followed by δ-TOH, α-TOH acetate and α-TOH quinone with 2%.…”

Section: Intracellular Binding Proteins α -Tocopherol Transfer Proteinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Complexity of vitamin E metabolism

Schmölz¹,

Birringer²,

Lorkowski³

et al. 2016

WJBC

176

138

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Bioavailability of vitamin E is influenced by several factors, most are highlighted in this review. While gender, age and genetic constitution influence vitamin E bioavailability but cannot be modified, life-style and intake of vitamin E can be. Numerous factors must be taken into account however, i.e. , when vitamin E is orally administrated, the food matrix may contain competing nutrients. The complex metabolic processes comprise intestinal absorption, vascular transport, hepatic sorting by intracellular binding proteins, such as the significant α-tocopherol-transfer protein, and hepatic metabolism. The coordinated changes involved in the hepatic metabolism of vitamin E provide an effective physiological pathway to protect tissues against the excessive accumulation of, in particular, non-α-tocopherol forms. Metabolism of vitamin E begins with one cycle of CYP4F2/CYP3A4-dependent ω-hydroxylation followed by five cycles of subsequent β-oxidation, and forms the water-soluble end-product carboxyethylhydroxychroman. All known hepatic metabolites can be conjugated and are excreted, depending on the length of their sidechain, either via urine or feces. The physiological handling of vitamin E underlies kinetics which vary between the different vitamin E forms. Here, saturation of the side-chain and also substitution of the chromanol ring system are important. Most of the metabolic reactions and processes that are involved with vitamin E are also shared by other fat soluble vitamins. Influencing interactions with other nutrients such as vitamin K or pharmaceuticals are also covered by this review. All these processes modulate the formation of vitamin E metabolites and their concentrations in tissues and body fluids. Differences in metabolism might be responsible for the discrepancies that have been observed in studies performed in vivo and in vitro using vitamin E as a REVIEW

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α-Tocopherol Transfer Protein Is Specifically Localized at the Implantation Site of Pregnant Mouse Uterus

Cited by 62 publications

References 17 publications

Oxidative stress stimulates α-tocopherol transfer protein in human trophoblast tumor cells BeWo

Oxidative stress stimulates α-tocopherol transfer protein in human trophoblast tumor cells BeWo

Relationship between plasma fatty acid profile and antioxidant vitamins during normal pregnancy

Complexity of vitamin E metabolism

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