Zur Wirkung von Ivermectin auf reaktivierte somatische Larven von Ancylostoma caninum Ercolani 1859 (Ancylostomidae) in der graviden Hündin

Abstract

Effect of ivermectin on reactivated somatic larvae of Ancylostoma caninurn Ercolani 1859 (Ancylostomidae) in the pregnant bitch It was evaluated by means of a controlled test to what extent reactivated larvae of Ancylostoma caninurn were influenced by single or double treatment with ivermectin. The investigations were done with a total of ten experimentally infected bitches.The single treatment of dams two to ten days ante partum with 0.5 mg or 1 mg ivermectin per kg bodyweight reduced the wormburden of their puppies on an average by 96.6% and 98.5%, respectively. The double treatment with 0.5 mg/kg bodyweight ante and post partum each with an interval of ten days completely prevented lactogenic infections with Ancylostoma caninum.Following a single application of 0.5 mg ivermectin per kg bodyweight the excretion of larvae was markedly delayed and remained on a low level. In addition the infections of the puppies of single treated dams became patent on an average 9.5 and 14.5 days later than the controls.In the bitches no side-effects, neither local nor general, were seen after the treatment with ivermectin. All forty puppies of the treated bitches were born without visible damages.

Investigations into the Prevention of Neonatal Ancylostoma caninum Infections in Puppies by Application of Moxidectin to the Bitch

“…The administration of 1 mg moxidectin/kg body weight completely eliminated reactivated somatic larvae in the bitches and prevented the establishment of intestinal stages in the puppies. By comparison, the application of ivermectin in the same dosage 8 days before parturition was completely effective in one bitch, whereas in another bitch, treated 2 days before parturition, somatic larvae and intestinal stages were found in the offspring (STOYE et al, 1989). It is unlikely that the shorter interval between treatment and parturition in the latter case was responsible for the lower efficacy.…”

“…The question whether moxidectin is effective already against resting larvae could not be answered with the experimental design presented here. Although eosinophil counts and antibody titres were low in the treated bitches it is not possible to reliably exclude low impatent infections (STOYE, 1973;BOSSE and STOYE, 1981;STOYE and VON AHN, 1987;STOYE et al, 1989).…”

“…The high dosage of 1 mg moxidectin/kg body weight was chosen because it is known that reactivated larvae of A. caninum cannot be affected by normal therapeutic dosages of benzimidazolcarbamates (BOSSE et al, 1980;PETRICH and STYOE, 1981;STOYE et al, 1989). Using the identical infection regime, results of the present study can be compared with previous studies using avermectines (STOYE et al, 1989;SCHNIEDER et al, 1994).…”

“…In previous trials it has been shown that a single application of 0.5 mg ivermectin (Ivomec ® )/kg body weight 2 or 10 days before parturition reduced the transmission of larvae and the number of worms by 96.6% or 98.5%, respectively. Two applications with the same dosage before and after parturition, 10 days apart, completely prevented galactogenic transmissions (STOYE et al, 1989). An identical result was achieved with a single application of 1 mg doramectin (Dectomax ® )/kg body weight on day 55 of pregnancy, i.e.…”

Investigations into the Efficacy of Doramectin on Reactivated Somatic Larvae ofAncylostoma caninumErcolani 1859 (Ancylostomatidae) in Pregnant Bitches

“…Albendazole, fenbendazole and oxfendazole have to be administered daily from day 30 o r 40 of the pregnancy until parturition at a dosage of 1OOmg/kg body weight t o prevent completely the galactogenic transmission of larvae (BOSSE et al, 1980;BOSSE and STOYE, 1981;STOYE and VON AHN, 1987). T h e single administration of 0.5 mg ivermectin per kg body (STOYE et al, 1989). The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of doramectin (Dectomax, Pfizer Inc.), a new compound of the avermectin family, against reactivated somatic larvae of A .…”