Zur Frage der Diffussion des Äthylalkohols durch die Harnblasenschleimhaut des Menschen

Weinig, E.; Schwerd, Wolfgang

doi:10.1515/bchm2.1953.295.1.197

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…When drinking stops and during the entire post-absorptive phase of ethanol kinetics, the UAC is always higher than the BAC (Laves and Baumecker, 1955;Weinig et al, 1970a;Zink and Reinhardt, 1971;Jones, 1992). Indeed, ethanol can still be detected in the urine of living and dead bodies after the blood-alcohol concentration drops below the limits of detection by most analytical methods (Weinig and Schwerd, 1953;Alha and Tamminen, 1964;Weinig et al, 1970b;Winek et al, 1984;Jones and Helander, 1996). The ethanol concentration in urine depends on two main factors depending on whether the bladder was voided completely before drinking started:…”

Section: Blood and Urine-alcohol Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The impulse to void arises after the bladder holds 350 -400 ml urine although the holding capacity ofthe bladder is about double this volume. The permeability of the walls of the bladder to alcohol is insignificant as shown by instilling alcohol into the bladder of alcoholfree volunteers, so reabsorption of alcohol will not influence UAC appreciably (Haggard et al 1940;Weinig and Schwerd 1953;Weinig et al 1970b;Zink and Reinhardt 1971).…”

Section: Principles Of Urine Production and Storage In The Bladdermentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluating Alleged Drinking after Driving — The Hip-Flask Defence

Iffland

Jones²

2002

Med Sci Law

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This two-part article examines the strengths and weaknesses of various ways of investigating claims of drinking alcohol after driving, commonly known as the hip-flask or glove-compartment defence. In many countries the onus of proof in hip-flask cases rests on the prosecution. With good co-operation from the police and timely sampling of body fluids, such as blood and urine for forensic analysis of ethanol, useful evidence can be mustered to support or challenge the truthfulness of alleged drinking after driving. The person's blood-alcohol concentration (BAC) can be compared with values expected on the basis of the amount of alcohol consumed after driving, according to theoretical Widmark calculations. The actual BAC measured is then adjusted for the additional amount of alcohol consumed in the after-drink. Double blood samples, that is, taking two specimens of venous blood about 30-60 minutes apart and looking at the magnitude and direction of change in BAC provides little or no more information than a single blood specimen. However, the relationship between alcohol in blood and urine is very useful in hip-flask cases whereby the concentration expected in the primary urine is compared with the concentration in the bladder urine voided. The concentration of alcohol determined in a second urine sample collected 30-60 min later gives supporting evidence in hip-flask cases. A graphical method, which entails plotting ethanol concentrations in blood and urine as a function of time provides a robust and practical way to investigate hip-flask defences. In the second part of the review, congener analysis is presented, which entails comparing the concentrations of n-propanol, isobutanol and occasionally other congeners in the alcoholic beverage allegedly consumed after driving with the volatiles present in the suspect's blood and urine determined by headspace gas chromatography.

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