Zur Entwicklung der Ganglienleiste y. �ber die Differenzierung des Rumpfganglienleistenmaterials

Raven, Chr. P.

doi:10.1007/bf00573467

Cited by 87 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…This in itself -mesodermal origin of the most posterior cartilage and neural crest origin of the remainder of this series of cartilages-should have shown that cartilages in the same skeletal system can arise from both embryonic layers (see Sefton, Piekarski, & Hanken, 2015 for a modern analysis) had the germ layer theory not been such an impediment to identifying the neural crest as a source of cartilage. The concept of a cranial neural crest that is skeletogenic and a trunk neural crest that is not goes back to these studies and to those of Stone (1926Stone ( , 1929Stone ( , 1932, Raven (1931Raven ( , 1936, and H€ orstadius and Sellman (1941,1946) on both anuran and salamander embryos.…”

Section: Mesenchyme G Erm L Ay Er Theory a N D Th E N E U R Al C Rmentioning

confidence: 98%

Germ layers, the neural crest and emergent organization in development and evolution

Hall

2018

Genesis

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Discovered in chick embryos by Wilhelm His in 1868 and named the neural crest by Arthur Milnes Marshall in 1879, the neural crest cells that arise from the neural folds have since been shown to differentiate into almost two dozen vertebrate cell types and to have played major roles in the evolution of such vertebrate features as bone, jaws, teeth, visceral (pharyngeal) arches, and sense organs. I discuss the discovery that ectodermal neural crest gave rise to mesenchyme and the controversy generated by that finding; the germ layer theory maintained that only mesoderm could give rise to mesenchyme. A second topic of discussion is germ layers (including the neural crest) as emergent levels of organization in animal development and evolution that facilitated major developmental and evolutionary change. The third topic is gene networks, gene co-option, and the evolution of gene-signaling pathways as key to developmental and evolutionary transitions associated with the origin and evolution of the neural crest and neural crest cells.

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Section: Mesenchyme G Erm L Ay Er Theory a N D Th E N E U R Al C Rmentioning

confidence: 98%

Germ layers, the neural crest and emergent organization in development and evolution

Hall

2018

Genesis

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“…Although a trunk neural-crest contribution to the skeleton in avian embryos is not established (the report of Nakamura & Le Likvre, 1982 being the one exception), there are several reports of trunk neural-crest contributions to ectomesenchyme in several species of amphibians, namely dermal connective tissue of the trunk of Ambystoma (Raven, 1931(Raven, , 1936Du Shane, 1935;Holtfreter, 1935;Detwiler, 1937) and mesenchyme, including mesenchyme of the median fin-fold in Pleurodeles waltl (Chibon, 1966).…”

Section: T H E Neural-crest Origin Of T R U N K Skeletogenic and Omentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and Evolutionary Origins of Vertebrate Skeletogenic and Odontogenic Tissues

Smith¹,

Hall²

1990

Biological Reviews

312

251

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This review deals with the following seven aspects of vertebrate skeletogenic and odontogenic tissues. 1. The evolutionary sequence in which the tissues appeared amongst the lower craniate taxa. 2. The topographic association between skeletal (cartilage, bone) and dental (dentine, cement, enamel) tissues in the oldest vertebrates of each major taxon. 3. The separate developmental origin of the exo- and endoskeletons. 4. The neural-crest origin of cranial skeletogenic and odontogenic tissues in extant vertebrates. 5. The neural-crest origin of trunk dermal skeletogenic and odontogenic tissues in extant vertebrates. 6. The developmental processes that control differentiation of skeletogenic and odontogenic tissues in extant vertebrates. 7. Maintenance of developmental interactions regulating skeletogenic/odontogenic differentiation across vertebrate taxa. We derive twelve postulates, eight relating to the earliest vertebrate skeletogenic and odontogenic tissues and four relating to the development of these tissues in extant vertebrates and extrapolate the developmental data back to the evolutionary origin of vertebrate skeletogenic and odontogenic tissues. The conclusions that we draw from this analysis are as follows. 8. The dermal exoskeleton of thelodonts, heterostracans and osteostracans consisted of dentine, attachment tissue (cement or bone), and bone. 9. Cartilage (unmineralized) can be inferred to have been present in heterostracans and osteostracans, and globular mineralized cartilage was present in Eriptychius, an early Middle Ordovician vertebrate unassigned to any established group, but assumed to be a stem agnathan. 10. Enamel and possibly also enameloid was present in some early agnathans of uncertain affinities. The majority of dentine tubercles were bare. 11. The contemporaneous appearance of cellular and acellular bone in heterostracans and osteostracans during the Ordovician provides no clue as to whether one is more primitive than the other. 12. We interpret aspidin as being developmentally related to the odontogenic attachment tissues, either closer to dentine or a form of cement, rather than as derived from bone. 13. Dentine is present in the stratigraphically oldest (Cambrian) assumed vertebrate fossils, at present some only included as Problematica, and is cladistically primitive, relative to bone. 14. The first vertebrate exoskeletal skeletogenic ability was expressed as denticles of dentine. 15. Dentine, the bone of attachment associated with dentine, the basal bone to which dermal denticles are fused and cartilage of the Ordovician agnathan dermal exoskeleton were all derived from the neural crest and not from mesoderm. Therefore the earliest vertebrate skeletogenic/odontogenic tissues were of neural-crest origin.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

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“…Because a neural crest origin for skeletal tissues was so contentious, there was a 40-year gap between Platt's papers and independent studies in the 1920s and '30s by Landacre (1921), Stone (1926Stone ( , 1929 and Raven (1931Raven ( , 1936 demonstrating the neural crest as a major source of mesenchyme, connective tissue and cartilage .Even more detailed reports by Hörstadius and Sellman (1941, 1946) and de Beer (1947 were published in the 1940s. de Beer (1947) also thought it probable that neural crest cells differentiated into the osteoblasts of dermal bones in Ambystoma, although the evidence was less convincing than was his evidence of the neural crest origin of cartilage and teeth.…”

Section: -1950smentioning

confidence: 99%

The neural crest and neural crest cells: discovery and significance for theories of embryonic organization

Hall

2008

J. Biosci.

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The neural crest has long fascinated developmental biologists,and,increasingly over the past decades,evolutionary and evolutionary developmental biologists.The neural crest is the name given to the fold of ectoderm at the junction between neural and epidermal ectoderm in neurula-stage vertebrate embryos.In this sense,the neural crest is a morphological term akin to head fold or limb bud.This region of the dorsal neural tube consists of neural crest cells,a special population(s)of cell,that give rise to an astonishing number of cell types and to an equally astonishing number of tissues and organs.Neural crest cell contributions may be direct - providing cells - or indirect - providing a necessary, often inductive, environment in which other cells develop.The enormous range of cell types produced provides an important source of evidence of the neural crest as a germ layer, bringing the number of germ layers to four - ectoderm,endoderm,mesoderm,and neural crest. In this paper I provide a brief overview of the major phases of investigation into the neural crest and the major players involved,discuss how the origin of the neural crest relates to the origin of the nervous system in vertebrate embryos,discuss the impact on the germ-layer theory of the discovery of the neural crest and of secondary neurulation,and present evidence of the neural crest as the fourth germ layer.A companion paper (Hall, Evol. Biol.2008) deals with the evolutionary origins of the neural crest and neural crest cells.

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Zur Entwicklung der Ganglienleiste y. �ber die Differenzierung des Rumpfganglienleistenmaterials

Cited by 87 publications

References 9 publications

Germ layers, the neural crest and emergent organization in development and evolution

Germ layers, the neural crest and emergent organization in development and evolution

Development and Evolutionary Origins of Vertebrate Skeletogenic and Odontogenic Tissues

The neural crest and neural crest cells: discovery and significance for theories of embryonic organization

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