Zur Blei‐, Cadmium‐ und Quecksilber‐Aufnahme in Kulturchampignons

Abstract

It is reported of the uptake of lead, cadmium and mercury by cultivated mushrooms (Agaricus bisporus) from lead, cadmium and mercury-containing substrates. Cd and Hg were observed to accumulate significantly via the mycelium, whereas Pb accumulated scarely, even if the Pb contents in the substrate were high. High lead concentrations in wild mushrooms, therefore, are likely to be mainly due to emissions; whereas, with Cd and Hg, uptake from the soil must also be considered.

The use of Li2O fortified growing compost to enhance lithiation in white Agaricus bisporus mushrooms: Li uptake and co-accumulation of other trace elements

“…They also show a better their potential to co-accumulate Pb although at lower levels with mean concentrations in the range from 1.2 to 4.2 mg•kg −1 dw [3]. Apart from species-specific differences in the ability to accumulate Cd and Pb by Agaricus spp., an important factor is the degree of soil (substrate) pollution with these heavy metals, and in polluted soil some species take up more of both, Cd and Pb [8,11]. The Cd and Pb concentrations in the caps and stems of control and lithiated A. bisporus were well below the tolerance limit of 0.2 mg kg −1 fresh weight and 0.3 mg•kg −1 fresh weight (× 10 if relate to dry weight) set in European Commission regulations (EU1, EU2) [9,10].…”

“…can sometimes show high concentrations, but there does not appear to be a species-specific potential to accumulate Hg [3]. Instead, for most species, including A. bisporus, bioaccumulation may depend more on the degree of (soil) substrate pollution with this metal [8].…”

“…Thus, the mineral composition of fruiting bodies reflects any elevated (or deficient) concentrations of many elements present in the substrate. Such factors are known to play a role in the case of mushrooms grown in soils and substrates that are anthropogenically or intentionally polluted with elements such as Ag, As, Cd, Cu, Hg or Pb, as well as from the attempts to obtain fungal products (mycelia or fruiting bodies) that have been bio-fortified with specific compounds, such as Se or Li [5,7,8,12,13,29].…”

Responses of Ganoderma lucidum to heavy metals

“…Tyler (1980) reported the mineral analysis of 130 species of fruiting basidiomycetes, revealing a bioconcentration of many undesirable heavy metals. Grabbe and Domsch (1976), Collet (1977), Woggon and Bickerich (1978), Enke et al (1979), Brunnert and Zadra~il (1980), Anderson et al (1982), Ciusa et al (1982), Martinez et al (1983), and Kawai et al (1986) reported heavy metals in many edible mushrooms. The fungi found to be the best heavy metal collectors also showed the highest substrate degradation rates.…”

Mercury content of the cultivated mushroom Agaricus bisporus

“…The average Hg concentration of A. bisporus was 0.039 mg/kg of fresh weight and it was lower an order of magnitude than the concentration of wild growing Agaricus. The Hg was observed to accumulate in cultivated Agaricus significantly via the mycelium (Enke, Roschig, Matschiner, & Achtzehn, 1979). Gapinski, Wozniak, and Gediga (1996) estimated trace elements (including mercury) of cultivated mushrooms in Poland.…”