ZrO2 powders produced by vapor phase reaction

Good Biocompatibility and Sintering Properties of Zirconia Nanoparticles Synthesized via Vapor-phase Hydrolysis

“…Currently, the synthetic methods of nano-sized ZrO 2 mainly include gas-phase methods (e.g., gas-phase chemical synthesis 23 24 25 26 and chemical vapor deposition 27 28 29 ), and liquid-phase methods (fast precipitation 30 31 32 33 , sol–gel 34 35 36 , solvent evaporation, and hydrothermal treatment). However, up to now, reports remain scarce involving a comprehensive and detailed investigation of the sintering properties of ZrO 2 NPs under different conditions.…”

Effect of Dewatering of Amorphous Hydrous Zirconia Precipitates on Tetragonal Zirconia Content in Calcined Powders

“…The occurrence of the metastable tetragonal phase in these powders a t room temperature was reported by several authors [1,2,3,4,5]. Different explanations for the stabilization were proposed, for example: the critical grain size effect [2,6,7,8], the influence of OH-and other anion impurities 19,101, structural similarities between the amorphous phase and the tetragonal Zr02 lattice [1,11], strains [4,6] and non-stoichiometry [1,12]. I t was recently shown that the pH during precipitation influences the tetragonal Zr02 content as well (131.…”

The Influence of pH on Zirconia Formed from Zirconium(IV) Acetate Solution: Characterization by X-Ray Powder Diffraction and Raman Spectroscopy

“…The percentage of monoclinic zirconia produced was quanti"ed from the X-ray powder di!raction patterns according to methods which have been described previously (21). The unequivocal identi"cation of tetragonal or cubic zirconia by X-ray powder di!raction (22,23) recorded from the calcined materials was, as noted by other workers (24), precluded by peak broadening arising from poor crystallinity or small particle size.…”

“…3; cubic, cubic zirconia; tet., tetragonal zirconia; r, phase determined by Raman spectroscopy; x, ir, determined by X-ray powder di!raction and infrared spectroscopy; m, percentage of monoclinic zirconia present in sample (accuracy #/ !3 mol%) by method of Ref. (21); XRA, uncharacterized material which is amorphous to X rays; ?suspected hydrous zirconia; @suspected chloride-containing hydrous zirconia. under an infrared lamp dehydrates the polymeric zirconium(IV ) hydroxide to a poorly crystalline form of cubic zirconia.…”