ZrO2–Nafion composite membranes for polymer electrolyte fuel cells (PEFCs) at intermediate temperature

Saccà, A.; Gatto, Irene; Carbone, A.; Pedicini, R.; Passalacqua, E.

doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2005.12.062

Cited by 129 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…After an evaporation step of the original solution by Rotavapor, the resulting dry residue was diluted with dimethylacetamide (DMAc, Aldrich) as an organic solvent to obtain a 10% w/w solution, as described elsewhere [30]. Two composite membranes containing the developed inorganic fillers were prepared by bulk mechanical mixing of HPW/Zr powders in the polymer Nafion solution through an optimised procedure [31,32]. After a treatment in an ultrasonic bath to disperse the powder and a slow re-concentration phase at T = 50 C, the solution was stratified by DoctorBlade.…”

Section: Membrane Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…on membrane samples of about 2 cm 3 cm were carried out by an acid-base titration, while the water uptake value (Wup,%) was calculated by the weight difference between the dried (at T = 80 C for 2 h in oven under vacuum) and wet sample (by maintaining in distilled water at T = 80-95 C for 2 h) [32]. For composite membranes, the overall IEC related to the membrane (IEC m ) and the IEC related to the polymer (IEC p ) and filler (IEC f ) were calculated.…”

Section: Iec and Water Uptake Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phosphotungstic Acid Supported on a Nanopowdered ZrO₂ as a Filler in Nafion‐Based Membranes for Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells

et al. 2008

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An inorganic filler prepared by impregnation of phosphotungstic heteropolyacid on zirconia (HPW/Zr) was developed to be inserted into a perfluorosulphonic polymer matrix for a polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC) operating at a medium temperature (80–120 °C) and low relative humidity (RH). Two different phosphotungstic acid (PWA) loadings (30 and 45% w/w) were anchored on a nanopowdered ZrO2. Such compounds were characterised by different techniques: differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive X‐ray analysis (EDX) and porosity and surface area by Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET), to verify the introduction and anchorage of PWA on ZrO2. Two composite Nafion membranes were prepared and characterised in terms of chemical–physical characteristics and electrochemical tests. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) provided evidence that HPW/Zr had been incorporated into composite membranes and it was not eluted. A good proton conductivity of about 6 × 10–3 S cm–1 at 120 °C and 25% RH was recorded.Accelerated in situ ageing tests highlighted a good electrochemical stability (more than 150 cycles at 90 °C with dry gases) of the composite membranes with a slow decay and a reasonable integrity of the analysed membrane‐electrodes assembly (MEA). Finally, a post‐mortem SEM–EDX analysis on MEAs confirmed the presence of HPW/Zr in the membrane after the in situ testing.

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Section: Membrane Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Iec and Water Uptake Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phosphotungstic Acid Supported on a Nanopowdered ZrO₂ as a Filler in Nafion‐Based Membranes for Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells

et al. 2008

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“…Both factors explain the effort of the scientific community towards the development of new materials for fuel cell applications [8,9]. Due to the reasons mentioned above one focus of research is on the membrane development for PEMFCs containing proton conducting compounds able to work at higher temperature [10][11][12]. The imidazole molecule is known to be involved in proton transfer across biological systems and its efficiency in proton conductivity [13] has been strongly studied in recent publications as an alternative component for designing fuel cell membranes operating at higher temperatures and in waterfree systems [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insight into Proton Conduction of Immobilised Imidazole Systems Via Simulations and Impedance Spectroscopy

et al. 2008

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The proton conduction in immobilised imidazole systems has been investigated in order to support the design of new membrane materials for polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFC). In the experimental part of this work, proton conductivities are measured via impedance spectroscopy. The simulation and modelling are performed combining molecular dynamics simulations and energy barrier calculations; the analysis is done via the proton jump energy barrier, collision ratio and radial distribution function. The dependence of the proton mobility on the temperature, spacer length and the density of conducting groups per area is presented. Donors and acceptors groups approach to each other within a distance from 2.8 to 3 Å where the energy barrier for a proton transfer is very low, which favours the proton jump under the studied conditions. The proton conductivity increases with increase in the spacer length. The simulation results are in good agreement with the proton conductivities presented.

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“…Zirconia as an inorganic filler was added to polymeric proton conductor membranes (Aricò et al, 2003b(Aricò et al, , 2004Nunes et al, 2002;Sacca et al, 2006;Silva et al, 2005aSilva et al, , 2005b. The incorporation of zirconia should increase the working temperature, water retention and mechanical stability of the composite membrane.…”

Section: Organic/zirconia and Sulfated Zirconia Nanocomposite Membranesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organic/Inorganic Nanocomposite Membranes Development for Low Temperature Fuel Cell Applications

Mokrani¹

2012

Advances in Chemical Engineering

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ZrO2–Nafion composite membranes for polymer electrolyte fuel cells (PEFCs) at intermediate temperature

Cited by 129 publications

References 16 publications

Phosphotungstic Acid Supported on a Nanopowdered ZrO₂ as a Filler in Nafion‐Based Membranes for Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells

Phosphotungstic Acid Supported on a Nanopowdered ZrO₂ as a Filler in Nafion‐Based Membranes for Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells

Insight into Proton Conduction of Immobilised Imidazole Systems Via Simulations and Impedance Spectroscopy

Organic/Inorganic Nanocomposite Membranes Development for Low Temperature Fuel Cell Applications

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ZrO2–Nafion composite membranes for polymer electrolyte fuel cells (PEFCs) at intermediate temperature

Cited by 129 publications

References 16 publications

Phosphotungstic Acid Supported on a Nanopowdered ZrO2 as a Filler in Nafion‐Based Membranes for Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells

Phosphotungstic Acid Supported on a Nanopowdered ZrO2 as a Filler in Nafion‐Based Membranes for Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells

Insight into Proton Conduction of Immobilised Imidazole Systems Via Simulations and Impedance Spectroscopy

Organic/Inorganic Nanocomposite Membranes Development for Low Temperature Fuel Cell Applications

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Product

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Phosphotungstic Acid Supported on a Nanopowdered ZrO₂ as a Filler in Nafion‐Based Membranes for Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells

Phosphotungstic Acid Supported on a Nanopowdered ZrO₂ as a Filler in Nafion‐Based Membranes for Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells