Zr-Incorporating SBA-15 for conversion of the ethanol–acetaldehyde mixture to butadiene

Yang, Guochao; Wang, Lingtao; Jiang, Haoxi

doi:10.1039/d0re00160k

Cited by 24 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…29−32 Such differences might also be taken as an indication of the incorporation of Zr into the framework. 32 These results are consistent with those reported elsewhere for similar mesoporous molecular sieves. 32−36 XRF analyses allowed to estimate the zirconium loading in the Zr-modified SBA-15 catalyst, and they are also listed in Table 1.…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Porosity data collected in Table show that they are high surface area (>700 m 2 /g) solids with large pores (60–70 Å). Lower surface areas were obtained at a lower Si/Zr ratio, and it is usually ascribed to the larger diameter of Zr compared to Si. − Such differences might also be taken as an indication of the incorporation of Zr into the framework . These results are consistent with those reported elsewhere for similar mesoporous molecular sieves. − …”

Section: Results and Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

“…Accordingly, it was noted that acidity increases along with the amount of Zr in the SBA-15 framework in line with other reports in the literature. 32 It should also be noticed that the concentration of the titrated proton is larger than that estimated from Zr loading in the catalysts, suggesting that SBA-15 modification does not provide only one acid site per heteroatom. An input of Brønsted sites created through water dissociation following the interaction between OH − from water molecules and the coordinatively unsaturated cationic sites (Lewis centers) should be taken into consideration.…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…45 The collected pyridine spectra indeed presented typical patterns for Zr-SBA-15 catalysts in line with previous studies. 32,36 Lewis acid sites arise from isolated Zr−O−Si in the SiO 2 framework, while Brønsted centers are claimed to originate from Zr−OH. 32,46−48 Aqueous-phase upgrading of xylose was first investigated over all mesoporous catalysts in a batch reactor at 130 °C for 3 h. 2-Propanol was used as a hydrogen donor in a 1:1 ratio with water (50% vol 2-propanol), following the same reaction conditions set elsewhere.…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Catalytic Upgrading of Xylose to Furfuryl Alcohol over Zr-SBA-15

Perez

Borges

Fraga

2021

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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Direct conversion of xylose to furfuryl alcohol was investigated over Zr-SBA-15 mesoporous catalysts. A low-concentration aqueous xylose solution was used as feedstock to fit the conditions that the monosaccharide is released during waste biomass pretreatment for 2G ethanol production. A coupled dehydration-transfer hydrogenation approach was adopted in this study, using 2-propanol as the hydrogen donor in the liquid phase. It was shown that addition of Zr into the SiO2 framework created active surface acid sites for converting xylose to furfuryl alcohol, rendering selectivity of around 45%, and furfural and xylulose as the main coproducts. Activity and product distribution were significantly affected by the proportion of water and 2-propanol in the liquid phase. Both xylose conversion and selectivity to furfuryl alcohol dropped progressively by decreasing the volumetric amount of 2-propanol.

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Section: ■ Results and Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Results and Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Catalytic Upgrading of Xylose to Furfuryl Alcohol over Zr-SBA-15

Perez

Borges

Fraga

2021

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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“…Recently, a number of well-ordered 2D and 3D supports have been investigated for the ETB process (Table 4). [29,98,[100][101][102][103][104][105][106][107][108][109][110][111][112][113][114][115][116] Chae et al investigated the influence of the type of mesostructure, pore size and particle morphology of silicasupported Ta catalysts for BD production from ethanol and acetaldehyde. [100] The ordered mesoporous silicas (OMS), SBA-15 which has hexagonal pores in a 2D array with long 1D channels (pore diameters of 4.6-10.9 nm), KIT-6 with a bicontinuous cubic structure (pore diameter 7.9 nm) and MCM-41-type MMS with smaller 2D hexagonal pores (2.5 nm) were used as supports and loaded with 2 wt.% Ta.…”

Section: Structured Catalytic Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in Catalysts for the Conversion of Ethanol to Butadiene

Samsudin

Zhang

Jaenicke

et al. 2020

Chemistry An Asian Journal

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Butadiene is an important monomer for synthetic rubbers. Currently, the annual demand of ∼16 million tonnes is satisfied by butadiene produced as a byproduct of steam naphtha cracking where ethylene and propylene are the main products. The availability of large amounts of shale gas and condensates in the USA since about 2008 has led to a change in the cracker feed from naphtha to ethane and propane, affecting the amount of butadiene obtained. This has provided the impetus to look into direct processes for butadiene production. One option is the eco‐friendly conversion of (bio) ethanol to butadiene (ETB). This process had been developed in the 1930s in the then Soviet Union. It was operated on a large scale in USA during World War II but has since been abandoned in favour of petroleum‐based processes. The current trend, driven both by the availability of the raw material and ecological considerations, may make this process feasible again, particularly if the catalytic systems can be improved. This critical review discusses recent catalysts for the ETB process with special focus on the development since 2014, benchmarking them against earlier systems with a large database of operational experience.

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A kinetic study of ethanol coupling with acetaldehyde to 1,3‐butadiene over Zr‐β zeolite: insight into deactivation

Zhang

Tan

et al. 2023

J of Chemical Tech & Biotech

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BACKGROUND With the improvements in bioethanol production, the process of converting ethanol to 1,3‐butadiene (ETB) has received substantial scholarly attention, whose industrialization has been constrained by the stability of the catalysts. RESULTS In this work, the deactivation behavior of Zr‐β zeolite in the process of ethanol/acetaldehyde conversion to 1,3‐butadiene was investigated. In addition, the deactivation kinetics of ETB was studied using an isothermal differential microreactor. A kinetic model was developed and parametrized with the Langmuir–Hinshelwood mechanism, and the intrinsic kinetic equation was derived. The deactivation kinetic model of the ETB reaction was established from the active site content of the catalyst as a function of time on stream. The validity of the kinetic model was tested, and the results were found to be accurate. CONCLUSIONS Catalyst deactivation was mainly caused by coke species, which are mainly long‐chain unsaturated oxygenated organic compounds and aromatic compounds, covering Lewis acid sites in the microporous channels of the catalyst; nevertheless the zeotype topology and morphology were not destroyed. The kinetic data suggested that the reaction was of first order and the activation energy of the deactivation process was 75.59 kJ mol−1. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).

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Zr-Incorporating SBA-15 for conversion of the ethanol–acetaldehyde mixture to butadiene

Abstract: Upgrading bio-ethanol into high value chemicals is an important issue in biomass conversion， and conversion of ethanol into butadiene is one of the most feasible way. Here Zr-incorporated mesoporous SBA-15...

Cited by 24 publications

References 44 publications

Catalytic Upgrading of Xylose to Furfuryl Alcohol over Zr-SBA-15

Catalytic Upgrading of Xylose to Furfuryl Alcohol over Zr-SBA-15

Recent Advances in Catalysts for the Conversion of Ethanol to Butadiene

A kinetic study of ethanol coupling with acetaldehyde to 1,3‐butadiene over Zr‐β zeolite: insight into deactivation

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