Zopiclone, but not brotizolam, impairs memory storage during sleep

Silva, Álvaro; Collao, Alvaro; Orellana, Mirtha; Meléndez, Jaime; Caviedes, Pablo; Cárdenas, Ana Marı́a

doi:10.1016/s0168-0102(03)00170-6

Cited by 13 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…However, the few studies concentrating on memory consolidation during sleep point towards opposite effects. Early experiments in healthy volunteers suggested an impairing influence of the benzodiazepine trialzolam and the non-benzodiazepine zopiclone administered after learning before sleep on the retention of words (1040,1082), whereas one study did not find an impairing effect of the hypnotics zolpidem and triazolam on sleep-dependent memory consolidation of words and nonwords (813). Administration of the GABA B agonists sodium oxybate or baclofen before a nap increased SWS, without affecting sleep-dependent declarative memory consolidation of word pairs and face-location associations (1255).…”

Section: Gabamentioning

confidence: 99%

About Sleep's Role in Memory

Rasch

Born

2013

Physiological Reviews

2,234

2,026

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Over more than a century of research has established the fact that sleep benefits the retention of memory. In this review we aim to comprehensively cover the field of "sleep and memory" research by providing a historical perspective on concepts and a discussion of more recent key findings. Whereas initial theories posed a passive role for sleep enhancing memories by protecting them from interfering stimuli, current theories highlight an active role for sleep in which memories undergo a process of system consolidation during sleep. Whereas older research concentrated on the role of rapid-eye-movement (REM) sleep, recent work has revealed the importance of slow-wave sleep (SWS) for memory consolidation and also enlightened some of the underlying electrophysiological, neurochemical, and genetic mechanisms, as well as developmental aspects in these processes. Specifically, newer findings characterize sleep as a brain state optimizing memory consolidation, in opposition to the waking brain being optimized for encoding of memories. Consolidation originates from reactivation of recently encoded neuronal memory representations, which occur during SWS and transform respective representations for integration into long-term memory. Ensuing REM sleep may stabilize transformed memories. While elaborated with respect to hippocampus-dependent memories, the concept of an active redistribution of memory representations from networks serving as temporary store into long-term stores might hold also for non-hippocampus-dependent memory, and even for nonneuronal, i.e., immunological memories, giving rise to the idea that the offline consolidation of memory during sleep represents a principle of long-term memory formation established in quite different physiological systems.

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Section: Gabamentioning

confidence: 99%

About Sleep's Role in Memory

Rasch

Born

2013

Physiological Reviews

2,234

2,026

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“…Other investigators found that zopiclone (7.5 mg), but not brotizolam (0.25 mg), impaired SDMC in normals. 20 The small sample (N = 8) may have been insufficient to detect an effect with brotizolam. Finally, Morgan et al reported significant impairment of sleep-dependent memory on a motor task with triazolam (0.375 mg), but not with zolpidem immediate release (10 mg).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Two Benzodiazepine Receptor Agonist Hypnotics on Sleep-Dependent Memory Consolidation

Hall-Porter

Schweitzer

Eisenstein

et al. 2014

Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine

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Results: ANOVA revealed a signifi cant condition effect for the WPT (p = 0.025) and a trend for the FTT (p = 0.067), which was signifi cant when sex was added to the model (p = 0.014). Improvement in memory performance following sleep was lower with bedtime dosing of zolpidem-ER compared to placebo and middle-of-the-night dosing of zaleplon. There were no differences between placebo and zaleplon. Conclusions:The results suggest that in some circumstances hypnotics may have the potential to reduce the degree of sleep-dependent memory consolidation and that drug-free sleep early in the night may ameliorate this effect. S C I E N T I F I C I N V E S T I G A T I O N SA growing body of evidence demonstrates that sleep promotes memory consolidation in healthy individuals.1-3 Numerous studies using various designs and memory tasks have consistently found that memory consolidation (i.e., improvement on a given memory task from initial training/test to retest) is significantly greater after a period of sleep than a period of wake. This is commonly referred to as sleep-dependent memory consolidation (SDMC). 4 For example, improvements on a procedural memory fi nger-tapping task were observed after a night of sleep but not after 4-, 8-, or 12-hour daytime periods without sleep. 5,6 Studies examining declarative memory consolidation, such as with a word pair association task, also demonstrate improvements in performance after sleep.7 In addition to improvements in memory following overnight sleep, memory consolidation is also enhanced during naps as short as 45 minutes. Improvements in procedural 8,9 and declarative 10 memory occur with naps, but not following similar durations of wakefulness. These fi ndings suggest that memory consolidation that occurs during wakefulness is enhanced during sleep.Synaptic plasticity, which refers to structural or functional neural changes in response to stimuli, 2 is thought to be the cellular substrate underlying the processes of memory formation and consolidation.11 Sleep has been found to enhance plasticity in animals, 12 which is consistent with the idea that sleep enhances memory consolidation. In humans, fMRI studies have shown that sleep-dependent learning of a motor skill task is accompanied by changes in multiple brain areas, BRIEF SUMMARYCurrent Knowledge/Study Rationale: Few studies have investigated the impact of hypnotic medication on sleep-dependent memory consolidation. This study compared the effect of differing time of exposure to two hypnotics on the sleep-dependent consolidation of declarative and non-declarative memory. Study Impact: This study contributes to the research surrounding sleep-dependent memory and hypnotics, indicating that hypnotic exposure during most of the night may reduce sleep-dependent memory consolidation; whereas hypnotic exposure only during the second half of the night appears to have no effect.

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“…, 1997), alcohol consumption (Dao‐Castellana et al. , 1998), drug use (Silva et al. , 2003) and certain sociodemographic factors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self‐reported sleep duration and cognitive functioning in the general population

Kronholm

Sallinen

Suutama

et al. 2009

Journal of Sleep Research

184

161

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SUMMARY This study investigated the relationship between self-reported sleep factors (sleep duration, insomnia, use of sleeping medicine, probable sleep apnoea and feelings of fatigue and tiredness) with cognitive functioning in 5177 people aged 30 years or older from a cross-sectional representative sample of the adult population in Finland (The Finnish Health 2000 Survey). Previous studies have indicated a U-shaped association between increased health risks and sleep duration; we hypothesized a U-shaped association between sleep duration and cognitive functioning. Objective cognitive functioning was assessed with tasks derived from the Consortium to Establish a Registry for AlzheimerÕs Disease test battery (verbal fluency, encoding and retaining verbal material). Subjective cognitive functioning and sleep-related factors were assessed with questionnaires. Health status was assessed during a health interview. Depressive and alcohol use disorders were assessed with the Composite International Diagnostic Interview. Medication was recorded during the health examination. Short and long sleep duration, tiredness and fatigue were found to be associated with both objectively assessed and self-reported decreased cognitive functioning. The association was stronger between sleep factors and subjective cognitive function than with objective cognitive tests. These data suggest that self-reported habitual short and long sleep duration reflect both realization of homeostatic sleep need and symptom formation in the context of the individualÕs health status.

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Zopiclone, but not brotizolam, impairs memory storage during sleep

Cited by 13 publications

References 21 publications

About Sleep's Role in Memory

About Sleep's Role in Memory

The Effect of Two Benzodiazepine Receptor Agonist Hypnotics on Sleep-Dependent Memory Consolidation

Self‐reported sleep duration and cognitive functioning in the general population

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