2020
DOI: 10.1016/j.pt.2020.04.014
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Zoonotic Parasites of Reptiles: A Crawling Threat

Abstract: Reptiles are reservoirs of a wide range of pathogens, including many protozoa, helminths, pentastomids, and arthropod parasitic species, some of which may be of public health concern. In this review we discuss the zoonotic risks associated with human-reptile interactions. Increased urbanization and introduction of exotic species of reptile may act as drivers for the transmission of zoonotic parasites through the environment. In addition, being a part of human diet, reptiles can be a source of life-threatening … Show more

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Cited by 89 publications
(68 citation statements)
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References 85 publications
(95 reference statements)
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“…burnetii , A . phagocytophilum , Borrelia lusitaniae and eventually become infected themselves by these bacteria [ 7 , 10 , 11 , 26 31 , 32 ]. Nonetheless, the significance of reptiles, such as lizards, in the ecology of Rickettsiales and in the epidemiology of human infections is still to be ascertained.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…burnetii , A . phagocytophilum , Borrelia lusitaniae and eventually become infected themselves by these bacteria [ 7 , 10 , 11 , 26 31 , 32 ]. Nonetheless, the significance of reptiles, such as lizards, in the ecology of Rickettsiales and in the epidemiology of human infections is still to be ascertained.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The disease also occurs in horses (Wright et al, 1991), zoo animals including primates (Carlisle et al, 1998) and wildlife species such as parrots, tawny frogmouths (Reece et al, 2013), possums (Ma et al, 2013) and bats (Reddacliff et al, 1999;Barrett et al, 2002). NA follows the ingestion of snails and slugs, the intermediate hosts of A. cantonensis and A. mackerrasae, and potentially by ingestion of transport hosts such as planarians, centipedes, rodents and lizards (Mackerras and Sandars, 1955;Jindrak and Alicata, 1970;Bhaibulaya, 1975; Barratt et al, 2016;Mendoza-Roldan et al, 2020). Third stage larvae (L 3 ) arrested in tissues of snails and transport hosts represent the infectious propagules for disease transmission (Bhaibulaya, 1975; Barratt et al, 2016).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The higher volumes of Muridae (rats), Sciuridae (squirrels), and Hipposideridae (bats) are of special concern as these families are reservoir hosts of several zoonotic pathogens ranging from hantavirus and Nipah virus to SARS and Ebola ( Chua et al 2002 ; Lau et al 2005 ; Kim et al 2009 ; Olival et al 2013 ). Different from mammals, most birds and reptiles act as intermediate hosts rather than definitive hosts ( Mendoza-Roldan et al 2020 ). Approximately, 2.7 million human deaths and 2.5 billion human illnesses are attributable to zoonotic diseases globally ( Gebreyes et al 2014 ).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%