Zoonotic ocular onchocercosis caused by Onchocerca lupi in dogs in Romania

Tudor, P.; Turcitu, Mihai; Mateescu, Cosmin; Dantas‐Torres, Filipe; Tudor, Niculae; Bărbuceanu, Florica; Ciucă, Lavinia; Burcoveanu, I.; Acatrinei, Dumitru; Rinaldi, Laura; Mateescu, Romanița Elena; Bădicu, Adina; Ionașcu, Iuliana; Otranto, Domenico

doi:10.1007/s00436-015-4816-1

Cited by 19 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…ted States (Maia et al, 2015;Mir o et al, 2016;Otranto et al, 2013Otranto et al, , 2015Sr eter & Sz ell, 2008;Tudor et al, 2016). The zoonotic potential of this nematode was confirmed by human cases reported in several countries (Otranto et al, 2011;reviewed in Otranto et al, 2013), including Germany (Bergua et al, 2015).…”

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confidence: 91%

“…Onchocerca lupi (Spirurida, Onchocercidae) is an arthropod‐transmitted parasite that inhabits the connective tissue of the sclera of animals and humans, causing acute or chronic ocular disease (Otranto et al., ). After its first description in a Caucasian wolf from Georgia (Rodonaja, ), O. lupi has been diagnosed in dogs and cats in Hungary, Greece, Portugal, Spain, Romania and the United States (Maia et al., ; Miró et al., ; Otranto et al., , ; Sréter & Széll, ; Tudor et al., ). The zoonotic potential of this nematode was confirmed by human cases reported in several countries (Otranto et al., ; reviewed in Otranto et al., ), including Germany (Bergua et al., ).…”

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confidence: 99%

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A case of ocular infection with Onchocerca lupi in a dog from Germany

Hodžić

Hinney

König³

et al. 2017

Transbound Emerg Dis

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Onchocerca lupi is an emerging zoonotic parasite infecting the ocular connective tissue of dogs, cats and humans. The only known case of canine ocular onchocerciasis in Germany was documented in 2002 in a shelter dog. However, the species of Onchocerca causing the infection could not be identified. Here, we report a case of the ocular infection with O. lupi in a dog, confirmed by PCR and sequencing of the cox1 gene. Further investigations are required to assess the risk factors for transmission and spread of the parasite in Germany.

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confidence: 91%

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confidence: 99%

A case of ocular infection with Onchocerca lupi in a dog from Germany

Hodžić

Hinney

König³

et al. 2017

Transbound Emerg Dis

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“…and A. reconditum are distributed in dog populations throughout the country [33], while other species ( C. bainae , O. lupi ) have been reported only locally [34, 35]. Romania is mostly a rural country, having an extended wildlife-domestic animal interface, which may facilitate the spreading of canine parasites to wild carnivores, which in turn may act as natural reservoirs.…”

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confidence: 99%

Filarioid infections in wild carnivores: a multispecies survey in Romania

et al. 2017

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BackgroundFilarioids are vector-borne parasitic nematodes of vertebrates. In Europe, eight species of filarioids, including zoonotic species, have been reported mainly in domestic dogs, and occasionally in wild carnivores. In Romania, infections with Dirofilaria spp. and Acanthocheilonema reconditum are endemic in domestic dogs. Despite the abundant populations of wild carnivores in the country, their role in the epidemiology of filarioid parasites remains largely unknown. The aim of the present study was to assess the host range, prevalence and distribution of filarioid infections in wild carnivores present in Romania.MethodsBetween May 2014 and February 2016, 432 spleen samples originating from 14 species of wild carnivores have been tested for the presence of DNA of three species of filarioids (D. immitis, D. repens and A. reconditum).ResultsOverall 14 samples (3.24%) were molecularly positive. The most prevalent species was D. immitis (1.62%), accounting for 50% (n = 7) of the positive animals. The prevalence of D. repens was 1.39%, while that of A. reconditum was 0.23%. No co-infections were detected. Dirofilaria immitis DNA was detected in five golden jackals, Canis aureus (7.58%), one red fox, Vulpes vulpes (0.33%), and one wildcat, Felis silvestris (10%). The presence of D. repens DNA was detected in two red foxes (0.66%), two golden jackals (3.03%), one grey wolf (7.14%), and one least weasel, Mustela nivalis (33.33%). Acanthocheilonema reconditum DNA was found only in one red fox (0.33%).ConclusionThe present study provides molecular evidence of filarial infections in wild carnivore species in Romania, suggesting their potential epidemiological role and reports a new host species for D. repens.

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“…Except for S. tundra , the adults are generally non-pathogenic or associated with fibrinous peritonitis, while larvae may migrate erratically and produce neuropathological disorders in unusual hosts [9–11]. In Romania, five species of filarioids parasitizing domestic or wild carnivores have been identified so far: D. immitis , D. repens , Acanthocheilonema reconditum [12, 13], Onchocerca lupi [14] and Cercopithifilaria bainae [15]. Except for O. lupi , all the other species are known to be endemic in the Danube Delta Region [12, 13, 15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mosquitoes in the Danube Delta: searching for vectors of filarioid helminths and avian malaria

et al. 2017

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BackgroundMosquitoes are arthropods of major importance to animal and human health because they are able to transmit pathogenic agents such as filarioids (Spirurida), vector-borne nematodes, which reside in the tissues of vertebrates. In Europe, recent research has mostly focused on mosquito-borne zoonotic species, while others remain neglected. Mosquitoes are also vectors of avian malaria, which has an almost worldwide distribution, and is caused by several Plasmodium species and lineages, the most common being P. relictum. The Danube Delta region of Romania is one of the most important stopover sites for migratory birds. The local mosquito fauna is diverse and well represented, while filarial infections are known to be endemic in domestic dogs in this area. The aim of the present study was thus to assess the potential vector capacity for various filarial helminths and avian malaria of mosquitoes trapped in the Danube Delta.MethodsIn July 2015, mosquitoes were collected at seven sites located in and around a rural locality in the Danube Delta region of Romania, using CO2-baited traps and hand aspirators. Additionally, a trap was placed next to a microfilaremic dog co-infected with Dirofilaria repens and D. immitis. All randomly trapped mosquitoes were identified to the species level and pooled according to date, sampling site, and taxon. Three hundred individual mosquitoes sampled next to the microfilaremic dog were processed individually and divided into abdomen and thorax/head. Following DNA extraction, all samples were screened for the presence of DNA of filarioid helminths and avian malaria agents by PCR techniques.ResultsAll 284 pools (a total of 5855 mosquitoes) were negative for filarioid DNA. One pool of Culex modestus mosquitoes was positive for Plasmodium sp. lineage Donana03. In the individually extracted mosquitoes, one abdomen of Aedes vexans was positive for D. repens DNA, one thorax/head of Ae. vexans was positive for DNA of Setaria labiatopapillosa, and two thorax/head of Cx. pipiens f. pipiens were positive for P. relictum lineage pSGS1.ConclusionThe present study suggests the vector competence of Cx. modestus and Cx. pipiens for avian Plasmodium including pathogenic species P. relictum and Ae. vexans for mammalian filarioids. Moreover, it indicates the role of Cx. pipiens f. pipiens as a potential natural vector of P. relictum lineage pSGS1 in nature.

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Zoonotic ocular onchocercosis caused by Onchocerca lupi in dogs in Romania

Cited by 19 publications

References 21 publications

A case of ocular infection with Onchocerca lupi in a dog from Germany

A case of ocular infection with Onchocerca lupi in a dog from Germany

Filarioid infections in wild carnivores: a multispecies survey in Romania

Mosquitoes in the Danube Delta: searching for vectors of filarioid helminths and avian malaria

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