1993
DOI: 10.1002/mrd.1080350115
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Zona‐free sperm penetration assay and inducers of the acrosome reaction: A model for sperm microinjection under the zona pellucida

Abstract: In order to minimize the percentage of false-negative results in the zona-free sperm penetration assay (SPA), a wide range of substances and/or physical agents capable of inducing the acrosome reaction (AR) have been incorporated in the incubation medium. These agents can also be used for treatment of severe male infertility using the technique of sperm microinjection under the zona pellucida (SMUZ). In the present review, the percentages of acrosome-reacted spermatozoa induced by several physiological, bioche… Show more

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