ZnS/CuFe2O4: Magnetic Hybrid Nanocomposite to Catalyze the Synthesis of 2,4,5-triaryl-1H-imidazole Derivatives

Abstract

Integration of nanomaterials is an entirely new method to synthesis efficient catalysts. These compounds provided new characteristics and distinctive application which is not accessible in the single-particle nanostuctures. Although there is little catalytic activity in each component of the hybrid material, their hybrid displays much higher activity. Indeed, the presence of intermediate metal and their oxides in the framework of hybrid catalyst caused a synergistic effect, thus facilitate the organic reaction more effectively. The extensive biochemical and pharmacological activities of imidazole-containing compounds have required the development of efficient methods for synthesizing these compounds, which is a significant topic in organic chemistry. The imidazole nucleus function as a main scaffold for constructing of biologically important molecules. The ZnS/CuFe2O4 magnetic hybrid nanocatalyst was synthesized by a simple co precipitation and characterized by conventional analyses successfully. Synthesized nanocomposite was utilized as a magnetic and heterogeneous catalyst for the one-pot synthesis of 2,4,5-triaryl-1H-imidazole derivatives with condensation of various aromatic aldehydes, benzil and ammonium acetate. The presented method shows some advantages such as mild conditions, good yields, and simple separation of products from the reaction mixture and cost-effective catalyst. The experimental data showed ZnS/CuFe2O4 nanocatalyst were easily separated from the reaction mixture using an external magnetic field and use again five times in subsequent reactions without appreciable reduction in catalytic activity.

An efficient protocol for the synthesis of pyridines and hydroquinolones using IRMOF-3/GO/CuFe2O4 composite as a magnetically separable heterogeneous catalyst

“…3 a. The peaks at 29.80°, 32.21°, 35.71°, 43.31°, 48.40°, 57.25°, 59.66° and 63.62° (2θ°) indicate the formation of the CuFe 2 O 4 nanoparticles 35 . Also the peaks at 8.4°, 9.6°, 13.7°, 15.35°,19.39° and 24.62° (2θ°) show the presence of the IRMOF-3 frameworks (Fig.…”

Functionalized hybrid magnetic catalytic systems on micro- and nanoscale utilized in organic synthesis and degradation of dyes

“…The synergistic effect of the metals and metal oxides in a hybrid catalyst scaffold expedites the organic reaction more efficiently. 70,104 Table 1 summarizes the information of some efficient magnetic catalytic systems, highlighting their target organic reactions and reaction yields.…”

“…The other advantages of this synthesized catalyst were its cost-effectiveness and reusability for five times in alternating cycles without any discernible reduction in its catalytic activity. 70 As one of the precious instances of the catalytic function of NiFe 2 O 4 for the synthesis of pharmaceutical components, Hamidinasab et al prepared a magnetically recoverable organoacid-decorated NiFe 2 O 4 nanocatalyst for the multicomponent synthesis of some phthalazine-trione and benzo[4,5] imidazo[1,2- a ]pyrimidine derivatives, which complied with green chemistry protocols ( Fig. 7 ).…”

Recent Advances in Ultrasound Assisted Synthesis of 2,4,5-Trisubstituted Imidazoles: A Comparative Study of Effective Catalytic Systems

“…Ultrasound irradiation acts as an alternative energy source especially for such organic reactions which are difficult to conduct under thermal conditions. The salient features of Ultrasonic irradiation are enhanced reaction rates, formation of products of higher purity, easier work-up procedures, energy conservation and waste minimization [29,30] Scheme 1…”