ZnS as fire retardant in plasticised PVC

Abstract

The flame retardant effect of zinc sulphide (ZnS) in plasticised poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC‐P) materials was investigated. PVC‐P containing different combinations of additives such as 5% ZnS, 5% of antimony oxide (Sb2O3) and 5% of mixtures based on Sb2O3 and ZnS were compared. The thermal degradation and the combustion behaviour were studied using thermogravimetry (TG), coupled with FTIR (TG–FTIR) or with mass spectroscopy (TG–MS), and a cone calorimeter, respectively. A detailed and unambiguous understanding of the decomposition and release of the pyrolysis products was obtained using both TG–MS and TG–FTIR. The influence of ZnS, Sb2O3 and the corresponding mixtures on the thermal decomposition of PVC‐P was demonstrated. Synergism was observed for the combination of the two additives. The combustion behaviour (time to ignition, heat release, smoke production, mass loss, CO production) was monitored versus external heat fluxes between 30 and 75 kW m−2 with the cone calorimeter. Adding 5% of ZnS has no significant influence on the fire behaviour of PVC‐P materials beyond a dilution effect, whereas Sb2O3 works as an effective fire retardant. Synergism of ZnS and Sb2O3 allows the possibility of replacing half of Sb2O3 by ZnS to reach equivalent fire retardancy. © 2002 Society of Chemical Industry

The rapid mass calorimeter: A route to high throughput fire testing

“…The PHRR, THE, and other parameters of the HRR curve showed tendencies similar to those reported for the cone calorimeter results and clear differences in pyrolysis. 13,21 The PHRR of PA12 and PA12-GF were greater than that of the others; PA12-GF showed a shoulder. The PHRR of PP-25APP was a little bit higher than that of PP-25APP* but less than that of PP-20APP*, while PVC-5ZnS produced the smallest but broadest peak.…”

“…Most of them were taken from former studies 8,[12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23] ; thus the attention of readers interested in more details on the individual materials and their processing is directed to these original studies. All of the investigated polymeric materials and corresponding test specimens were provided by partners with high competence in compounding and processing and showed sufficiently high quality.…”

Fabrication of Ce-doped MnO2decorated graphene sheets for fire safety applications of epoxy composites: flame retardancy, smoke suppression and mechanism

“…19 Levchik et al observed that the integration of Sb2O3 and ZnS generated a synergistic effect for the flame retardance and smoke suppression of poly(vinyl chloride). 20 Inspired by these, this study aims to improve the fire hazards of EP by combining graphene sheets and Ce-MnO2.…”

Characterization of Feedstock Filament Extruded from Secondary Sources of PS, ABS and PVC

“…The growing plastic production and consumption have led to an increasing dependence of plastic production from fossil fuel, the main resource for plastic manufacturing, as well as in an increase of plastic waste. Statistics show that of the 27.1 million tons of post-consumer plastic collected in 2016, 31.1% was recycled, 41.6 % incinerated and 27.3% landfilled. Thus, a large portion of plastic is still landfilled; however, this was the first time in Europe when recycling overcame landfill [1].…”