“…In this technique, the laser beam has been employed for material synthesis based on the high intensity of the laser beam at the focusing condition, which was sufficient to remove tiny particles from the surface of ablated target due to the high pressure and temperature of the forming plasma plume inside a liquid medium, followed to form colloidal nanoparticles (NPs) suspended in the liquid media (Mostafa & Mwafy, 2020a;Mostafa, Mwafy, Awwad, & Ibrahium, 2021;Mostafa, Mwafy, Awwad, & Ibrahium, 2021b;Mwafy, Gaafar, Mostafa, Marzouk, & Mahmoud, 2021) (Mostafa & Mwafy, 2020b). Shankar et al prepared ZnO@ graphene oxide via one-pot PLAL (Shankar et al, 2020). In 2021, Mostafa et al prepared ZnO NPs via nanosecond PLAL to form a nanocomposite structure with CNTs for water treatment (Mostafa, Mwafy, & Toghan, 2021) and PVA matrix for optoelectronic applications (Mostafa, 2021b).…”