ZnFe₂O₄@SiO₂‐ascorbic acid: Green, magnetic, and versatile catalyst for the synthesis of chromeno[2,3‐d] pyrimidine‐8‐amine and quinazoline derivatives

Abstract

In this research project, silica‐modified ZnFe2O4 magnetic nanoparticles were prepared in a simple, short, and straightforward way. Subsequently, an efficient catalyst through immobilization of ascorbic acid on the surface of silica‐coated ZnFe2O4 nanoparticles has been produced. The physical and chemical properties of ZnFe2O4@SiO2‐ascorbic acid were considered by X‐ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDS), and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) analyses. The catalytic activity of described magnetic nanocatalyst was checked out for the synthesis of chromeno[2,3‐d] pyrimidine‐8‐amine and quinazolinone derivatives. The described catalyst was recovered and reused for five continuous cycles without considerable change in its catalytic activity.

Synthesis of Nitrogen- and Oxygen-Containing Heterocycles Catalysed by Metal Nanoparticles Reported in 2022

“…Zolfigol and colleagues reported the synthesis of chromeno[2,3- d ]pyrimidine-8-amine ( 207 ) and quinazolines ( 209 ) catalysed by silica-modified ZnFe 2 O 4 MNPs (Scheme 62 ). 115 The ZnFe 2 O 4 prepared from Zn(NO 3 ) 2 ·6H 2 O was subjected to functionalisation with tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) and ascorbic acid to prepare the final catalysts. Herein, SEM analysis revealed the NPs to have the particle size in the range of 47–55 nm.…”

l-Methionine-Zr complex supported on magnetic ZnFe2O4 as a novel, green, and efficient heterogeneous magnetic nanocatalyst for the synthesis of 1H-tetrazole and polyhydroquinoline derivatives

“…After that, the reaction mixture was stirred at 25 1C for 34 h. Eventually, the product was separated using a magnet and washed with EtOH and deionized water five times, before drying at 25 1C. 28 2.4 Preparation of ZnFe 2 O 4 @SiO 2 @L-methionine-Zr MNPs…”

“…As a main member of the ferrite family, ZnFe 2 O 4 is a promising potential for use as a novel catalytic support. 13,28,33,34 In addition, the surface hydroxyl groups of zinc ferrite facilitate its surface modification with a wide variety of organic compounds. 35,36…”

“…9,24,25 ZnFe 2 O 4 has the same properties as homogeneous catalysts and can be facilely extracted from the reaction using an external magnet; moreover, it does not require more rigorous procedures such as filtration or centrifugation. 14,[26][27][28][29] In comparison with homogeneous catalysts, heterogeneous catalysts have been exclusively studied because of their easy recovery and separation from the reaction mixture. [30][31][32] The use of magnetically separable catalysts is a well-favored and fascinating strategy to bridge the gap between heterogeneous and homogenous catalytic processes.…”

“…As a main member of the ferrite family, ZnFe 2 O 4 is a promising potential for use as a novel catalytic support. 13,28,33,34 In addition, the surface hydroxyl groups of zinc ferrite facilitate its surface modification with a wide variety of organic compounds. 35,36 ''Green chemistry'' has demonstrated how environmental problem-solving strategies can protect human health and the environment in an economically beneficial manner.…”