Zn-Doped Calcium Copper Titanate Synthesized via Rapid Laser Sintering of Sol-Gel Derived Precursors

Abstract

Zn-doped calcium copper titanate (CCTO) was successfully synthesized by rapid laser sintering of sol-gel derived precursors without the conventional long-time heat treatment. The structural, morphological, and crystalline properties were characterized, and the performances of dielectrics and impedance were measured and discussed. The X-ray diffractometer results show that Zn-doped CCTO is polycrystalline in a cubic structure, according to the doping ratio of Ca(Cu2Zn)Ti4O12. Electron microscopy showed that Zn-doped CCTO has a denser microstructure with better uniformness with shrunken interplanar spacing of 2.598 nm for the plane (220). Comparing with undoped CCTO, the permittivity almost remains unchanged in the range of 102–106 Hz, demonstrating good stability on frequency. The electrical mechanism was investigated and is discussed through the impedance spectroscopy analysis. The resistance of grain and grain boundary decreases with rising temperature. Activation energies for the grain boundaries for Zn- doped CCTO were calculated from the slope for the relationship of ln σ versus 1/T and were found to be 0.605 eV, smaller than undoped CCTO. This synthesis route may be an efficient and convenient approach to limit excessive waste of resources.

Colossal Dielectric Perovskites of Calcium Copper Titanate (CaCu3Ti4O12) with Low‐Iridium Dopants Enables Ultrahigh Mass Activity for the Acidic Oxygen Evolution Reaction

“…A high‐magnification HR‐TEM image of Ir‐CCTO NBs taken at a [100] zone axis showed an interplanar distance of 5.09 nm corresponding to the d‐spacing of the (011) crystallographic plane in the CCTO perovskite structure (the lower inset in Figure 2D). [ 29 ] In addition, the SAED verified a well‐defined perovskite crystal structure (the upper inset in Figure 2D). Energy dispersive X‐ray (EDX) mapping images indicated that all the elements, including Ca, Cu, Ti, and O, were homogeneously distributed over the Ir‐CCTO NBs (Figure 2E).…”

Exceptional dielectric and varistor properties of Sr, Zn and Sn co-doped calcium copper titanate ceramics

“…Although this process is found to be rapid & efficient, there was no signicant improvement in the dielectric response owing to doping. 19 Alternatively, Sr 2+ doping at the Cu site in CCTO was also attempted, which yielded low dielectric loss with no substantial increase in dielectric constant. 20 Later, doping strategies were further extended to investigate into the simultaneous doping of cations at the lattice sites of (…”

“…Although this process is found to be rapid & efficient, there was no significant improvement in the dielectric response owing to doping. 19 Alternatively, Sr 2+ doping at the Cu site in CCTO was also attempted, which yielded low dielectric loss with no substantial increase in dielectric constant. 20 Later, doping strategies were further extended to investigate into the simultaneous doping of cations at the lattice sites of (A & A′) with (La 2+ & Zn 2+ , Sr 2+ & Mg 2+ ), (A & B) with (Sr 2+ & Ni 4+ ), (A′ & B) with (Zn 2+ & Sn 4+ , Al 2+ & Ta 5+ , Zn 2+ & Ge 4+ ) which opened up yet another window for obtaining CCTO ceramics with the improved dielectric response.…”

Computational and experimental investigations of the giant dielectric property of Na1/2Y1/2Cu3Ti4O12 ceramics

“…The most often expressed viewpoint is the desire to shrink the size of devices while increasing their performance [1][2][3][4][5] . Another perspective is the need to decrease the use of hazardous compounds in electronic devices [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] . In recent years, high-tech devices, particularly ones used for electric power storage, have been extensively discussed [1][2][3][4] .…”