ZmSOC1, a MADS-Box Transcription Factor from Zea mays, Promotes Flowering in Arabidopsis

Zhao, Suzhou; Luo, Yanzhong; Zhang, Zhan-Lu; Xu, Miaoyun; Wang, Weibu; Zhao, Yangmin; Zhang, Lan; Fan, Yanting; Wang, Lei

doi:10.3390/ijms151119987

Cited by 30 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…ZmMADS1 was shown recently to induce an early-flowering phenotype when ectopically overexpressed in Arabidopsis under LD conditions, and it leads to up-regulation of the TFs AtLEAFY and AtAP1. This observation indicates that it can promote flowering in an evolutionarily conserved pathway (Zhao et al, 2014), as both LEAFY and AP1 control the expression of a set of target genes with a role in the onset of flowering (Winter et al, 2015). Furthermore, we could demonstrate that ZmMADS1 expression under the control of the SOC1 promoter of Arabidopsis is able to fully rescue the late-flowering phenotype of the Arabidopsis soc1-2 mutant under SD conditions and in some lines also under LD conditions.…”

Section: Zmmads1 Is Functionally Conserved To Soc1 and Acts As An Ftimentioning

confidence: 72%

“…ZmMADS1 and ZMM26 homologous proteins were found in all five analyzed plant genomes (Supplemental Table S2). They all contain a MADS domain, a highly conserved C-terminal SOC1 motif (Zhao et al, 2014), as well as the K domain, thus representing MIKC-type (MEF2-like) MADS domain proteins (Becker and Theissen, 2003). In maize, two homologous proteins of ZmMADS1 (ZmMADS56 and GRZM2G070034; Supplemental Fig.…”

Section: Transition Of the Sam To Reproductive Growth Strongly Dependmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Flowering Time-Regulated Genes in Maize Include the Transcription Factor ZmMADS1

Alter

Bircheneder²,

Zhou³

et al. 2016

Plant Physiol.

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Flowering time (FTi) control is well examined in the long-day plant Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), and increasing knowledge is available for the short-day plant rice (Oryza sativa). In contrast, little is known in the day-neutral and agronomically important crop plant maize (Zea mays). To learn more about FTi and to identify novel regulators in this species, we first compared the time points of floral transition of almost 30 maize inbred lines and show that tropical lines exhibit a delay in flowering transition of more than 3 weeks under long-day conditions compared with European flint lines adapted to temperate climate zones. We further analyzed the leaf transcriptomes of four lines that exhibit strong differences in flowering transition to identify new key players of the flowering control network in maize. We found strong differences among regulated genes between these lines and thus assume that the regulation of FTi is very complex in maize. Especially genes encoding MADS box transcriptional regulators are up-regulated in leaves during the meristem transition. ZmMADS1 was selected for functional studies. We demonstrate that it represents a functional ortholog of the central FTi integrator SUPPRESSOR OF OVEREXPRESSION OF CONSTANS1 (SOC1) of Arabidopsis. RNA interference-mediated down-regulation of ZmMADS1 resulted in a delay of FTi in maize, while strong overexpression caused an early-flowering phenotype, indicating its role as a flowering activator. Taken together, we report that ZmMADS1 represents a positive FTi regulator that shares an evolutionarily conserved function with SOC1 and may now serve as an ideal stating point to study the integration and variation of FTi pathways also in maize.Flowering time (FTi) in crops is an important agronomical trait critical for harvesting date, biomass yield, crop rotation schemes, and terminal drought avoidance (Jung and Müller, 2009;Bendix et al., 2015). For flowering, the shoot apical meristem (SAM) has to change from vegetative to generative growth, a process called the floral transition. This process is controlled by various key players representing components of different signaling pathways triggered by both external and endogenous factors. The main environmental influence on FTi is derived from photoperiods or daylength as well as temperature. Unlike Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) and some winter-annual crops like wheat (Triticum aestivum) and barley (Hordeum vulgare) that require vernalization by cold temperature periods for floral induction, this does not seem to play an essential role for flowering in maize (Zea mays). Furthermore, during thousands of years of breeding history, cultivated temperate maize is thought to have lost its photoperiod sensitivity and is well adapted to growth under longday (LD) conditions. Tropical lines flower under shortday (SD) conditions and depend on photoperiods to flower (Colasanti and Coneva, 2009). Especially in temperate maize lines, endogenous signals related to the developmental stage of the plant appear to play t...

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Section: Zmmads1 Is Functionally Conserved To Soc1 and Acts As An Ftimentioning

confidence: 72%

Section: Transition Of the Sam To Reproductive Growth Strongly Dependmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flowering Time-Regulated Genes in Maize Include the Transcription Factor ZmMADS1

Alter

Bircheneder²,

Zhou³

et al. 2016

Plant Physiol.

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“…The cDNAs were amplified using TransStart Green qPCR SuperMix UDG (TransGen Biotech) in a 20 µL reaction. The thermal cycle of qRT-PCR was programmed as follows: 50 °C for 2 min; 95 °C for 10 min; 40 cycles of 95 °C for 5 s, 58 °C for 15 s, and 72 °C for 10 s [ 67 , 68 ]. The corresponding specific primers are listed in the Table S2 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overexpression of the Transcription Factors GmSHN1 and GmSHN9 Differentially Regulates Wax and Cutin Biosynthesis, Alters Cuticle Properties, and Changes Leaf Phenotypes in Arabidopsis

Zhao

et al. 2016

IJMS

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SHINE (SHN/WIN) clade proteins, transcription factors of the plant-specific APETALA 2/ethylene-responsive element binding factor (AP2/ERF) family, have been proven to be involved in wax and cutin biosynthesis. Glycine max is an important economic crop, but its molecular mechanism of wax biosynthesis is rarely characterized. In this study, 10 homologs of Arabidopsis SHN genes were identified from soybean. These homologs were different in gene structures and organ expression patterns. Constitutive expression of each of the soybean SHN genes in Arabidopsis led to different leaf phenotypes, as well as different levels of glossiness on leaf surfaces. Overexpression of GmSHN1 and GmSHN9 in Arabidopsis exhibited 7.8-fold and 9.9-fold up-regulation of leaf cuticle wax productions, respectively. C31 and C29 alkanes contributed most to the increased wax contents. Total cutin contents of leaves were increased 11.4-fold in GmSHN1 overexpressors and 5.7-fold in GmSHN9 overexpressors, mainly through increasing C16:0 di-OH and dioic acids. GmSHN1 and GmSHN9 also altered leaf cuticle membrane ultrastructure and increased water loss rate in transgenic Arabidopsis plants. Transcript levels of many wax and cutin biosynthesis and leaf development related genes were altered in GmSHN1 and GmSHN9 overexpressors. Overall, these results suggest that GmSHN1 and GmSHN9 may differentially regulate the leaf development process as well as wax and cutin biosynthesis.

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“…(Moon et al, 2003; Tadege et al, 2003; Ferrario et al, 2004; Lee et al, 2004, 2008; Nakamura et al, 2005; Shitsukawa et al, 2007; Ryu et al, 2009; Lee and Lee, 2010; Zhong et al, 2012; Suzhou et al, 2014; Sri et al, 2015). Act as central floral integrators, SOC1 is regulated by the upstream genes CONSTANS (CO) and FLOWERING LOCUS C (FLC).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Cloning, Characterization, and Expression of MiSOC1: A Homolog of the Flowering Gene SUPPRESSOR OF OVEREXPRESSION OF CONSTANS1 from Mango (Mangifera indica L)

Wei

Liu

et al. 2016

Front. Plant Sci.

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MADS-box transcription factor plays a crucial role in plant development, especially controlling the formation and development of floral organs. Mango (Mangifera indica L) is an economically important fruit crop, but its molecular control of flowering is largely unknown. To better understand the molecular basis of flowering regulation in mango, we isolated and characterized the MiSOC1, a putative mango orthologs for the Arabidopsis SUPPRESSOR OF OVEREXPRESSION OF CONSTANS1/AGAMOUS-LIKE 20 (SOC1/AGL20) with homology-based cloning and RACE. The full-length cDNA (GenBank accession No.: KP404094) is 945 bp in length including a 74 bp long 5′ UTR and a 189 bp long 3′ UTR and the open reading frame was 733 bps, encoding 223 amino acids with molecular weight 25.6 kD. Both sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis all indicated that deduced protein contained a conservative MADS-box and semi-conservative K domain and belonged to the SOC1/TM3 subfamily of the MADS-box family. Quantitative real-time PCR was performed to investigate the expression profiles of MiSOC1 gene in different tissues/organs including root, stem, leaves, flower bud, and flower. The result indicated MiSOC1 was widely expressed at different levels in both vegetative and reproductive tissues/organs with the highest expression level in the stems’ leaves and inflorescences, low expression in roots and flowers. The expression of MiSOC1 in different flower developmental stages was different while same tissue –specific pattern among different varieties. In addition, MiSOC1 gene expression was affect by ethephon while high concentration ethephon inhibit the expression of MiSOC1. Overexpression of MiSOC1 resulted in early flowering in Arabidopsis. In conclusion, these results suggest that MiSOC1 may act as induce flower function in mango.

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ZmSOC1, a MADS-Box Transcription Factor from Zea mays, Promotes Flowering in Arabidopsis

Cited by 30 publications

References 54 publications

Flowering Time-Regulated Genes in Maize Include the Transcription Factor ZmMADS1

Flowering Time-Regulated Genes in Maize Include the Transcription Factor ZmMADS1

Overexpression of the Transcription Factors GmSHN1 and GmSHN9 Differentially Regulates Wax and Cutin Biosynthesis, Alters Cuticle Properties, and Changes Leaf Phenotypes in Arabidopsis

Molecular Cloning, Characterization, and Expression of MiSOC1: A Homolog of the Flowering Gene SUPPRESSOR OF OVEREXPRESSION OF CONSTANS1 from Mango (Mangifera indica L)

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