Zirconium doped mesoporous TiO2 multilayer thin films: Influence of the zirconium content on the photodegradation of organic pollutants

Mbiri, Anne; Taffa, Dereje H.; Gatebe, Erastus; Wark, Michael

doi:10.1016/j.cattod.2019.01.043

Cited by 25 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…The doped zirconium in mTiO 2 lattice reduces the electron density around titanium, hence a positive shift of Ti2p is observed. [22] This substitution mode of zirconium is further confirmed by Zr3d spectrum of Zr-mTiO 2 in Figure 3b. The Zr3d 5/2 peak emerges at 182.0 eV, which is between metallic Zr(0) (179.0 eV) and ZrO 2 (183.5 eV).…”

Section: Wwwadvsustainsyscomsupporting

confidence: 62%

Fabricating Ag/PW₁₂/Zr‐mTiO₂ Composite via Doping and Interface Engineering: An Efficient Catalyst with Bifunctionality in Photo‐ and Electro‐Driven Nitrogen Reduction Reactions

Feng

Liu

et al. 2021

Advanced Sustainable Systems

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Driven by solar power and derived electricity, ambient photo‐ and electrochemical nitrogen fixations are considered promising strategies to produce low‐concentration NH3/NH4+. Under the principles of doping and interface engineering, a Ag/PW12/Zr‐mTiO2 composite is fabricated in a one‐pot synthesis, where zirconium‐doped mesoporous TiO2 is co‐decorated with silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs, optimal 1 wt%) and phosphotungstic acid (PW12, optimal 10 wt%). Enhanced nitrogen chemisorption is achieved owing to Zr‐doping, where the mesoporous structure of Zr‐mTiO2 favors nitrogen mass transfer. Ag NPs decoration leads to visible light absorption. At the interface, PW12 and Ag NPs decelerate the recombination of photo‐generated charge carriers. A Z‐scheme mechanism is suggested for the hetero‐junction, and the surface plasmon resonance effect of Ag NPs is considered in the composite. Consequently, a NH3/NH4+ production rate of 324.2 µmol gcat−1 h−1 is achieved in the photo‐driven process, together with the structure‐reactivity relationship between transient photocurrent intensity and catalytic efficiency. Moreover, constructing Ag/PW12/Zr‐mTiO2 heterojunction introduces a plentitude of active sites for the electrochemical process, together with enhanced charge transfer efficiency at the interface. Hence, an excellent NH3/NH4+ production rate of 55.0 µg mgcat−1 h−1 is accomplished at −0.6 V vs RHE. The robustness and superior activity of Ag/PW12/Zr‐mTiO2 in both photo‐ and electro‐driven processes may offer an opportunity for effectively utilizing sunlight.

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Section: Wwwadvsustainsyscomsupporting

confidence: 62%

Fabricating Ag/PW₁₂/Zr‐mTiO₂ Composite via Doping and Interface Engineering: An Efficient Catalyst with Bifunctionality in Photo‐ and Electro‐Driven Nitrogen Reduction Reactions

Feng

Liu

et al. 2021

Advanced Sustainable Systems

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“…This contribution is not taken into account in the latter quantification. For the Zr 3d spectrum (Figure 6d), for Zr-doped samples only, two peaks are observed at 182.4 eV and 185.0 eV and correspond to Zr 3d3/2 and Zr 3d5/2 electronic states [24,53,54]. These peaks correspond to ZrO2 material and could be indicative of the production of hybrid TiO2-ZrO2 nanoparticles as reported in [24,50,55].…”

Section: Xps Analysismentioning

confidence: 62%

Ambient temperature ZrO2-doped TiO2 crystalline photocatalysts: Highly efficient powders and films for water depollution

Mahy

Lambert

Tilkin

et al. 2019

Materials Today Energy

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In this paper, several TiO2 materials doped with zirconia precursor (0.7, 1.4, 1.6 and 2.0 mol%) were synthesized by an easy aqueous sol-gel synthesis at ambient temperature. This method consisted in the peptization of the TiO2 colloid in presence of HNO3. The corresponding pure TiO2 material was also synthesized for comparison. The performances and the physicochemical properties of these materials were compared to the well-known Evonik P25 photocatalyst.The physico-chemical characterizations showed that nano-crystalline anatase-brookite particles were produced with the sol-gel process, with higher specific surface area than P25 (~ 200 m 2 g -1 vs. 47 m 2 g -1 ). All samples presented a higher visible absorption than P25. The XPS spectra showed that all the samples were doped with nitrogen and that mixed TiO2-ZrO2 oxide materials were obtained when doping with zirconia precursor.Photoactivity was evaluated through the degradation of p-nitrophenol in water. On the one hand, under UV/visible light, the ZrO2 doping increased the degradation efficiency of the pure TiO2 catalyst due to a better charge separation in the mixed TiO2-ZrO2 oxides. The activity of the sample with the highest dopant content was even higher than the one of P25. On the other hand, under visible light, all samples were much more efficient than P25. This activity shift towards visible range was due to the N-doping of the catalysts, with a slight improvement for the doped ones.Finally, the feasibility of producing films starting from an aqueous suspension of the photocatalyst was assessed on P25, pure TiO2 and the best doped material. The photoactivity of these films, evaluated on the degradation of methylene blue under UV-A light, showed that the sample with the highest dopant concentration had an efficiency 4 times higher than pure TiO2 and 20 times higher than P25.

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“…For the Zr 3d spectrum of TiO2/N42/Zr2.8 sample (Figure 7d), peaks are visible at 182.0 eV and 184.6 eV that correspond to Zr 3d3/2 and Zr 3d5/2 electronic states [14,53,57,58]. They confirm the presence of ZrO2.…”

Section: Xps Analysismentioning

confidence: 72%

Green Synthesis of N/Zr Co-Doped TiO2 for Photocatalytic Degradation of p-Nitrophenol in Wastewater

Benkhennouche-Bouchene

Mahy

Wolfs

et al. 2021

Catalysts

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TiO2 prepared by a green aqueous sol–gel peptization process is co-doped with nitrogen and zirconium to improve and extend its photoactivity to the visible region. Two nitrogen precursors are used: urea and triethylamine; zirconium (IV) tert-butoxide is added as a source of zirconia. The N/Ti molar ratio is fixed regardless of the chosen nitrogen precursor while the quantity of zirconia is set to 0.7, 1.4, 2, or 2.8 mol%. The performance and physico-chemical properties of these materials are compared with the commercial Evonik P25 photocatalyst. For all doped and co-doped samples, TiO2 nanoparticles of 4 to 8 nm of size are formed of anatase-brookite phases, with a specific surface area between 125 and 280 m2 g−1 vs. 50 m2 g−1 for the commercial P25 photocatalyst. X-ray photoelectron (XPS) measurements show that nitrogen is incorporated into the TiO2 materials through Ti-O-N bonds allowing light absorption in the visible region. The XPS spectra of the Zr-(co)doped powders show the presence of TiO2-ZrO2 mixed oxide materials. Under visible light, the best co-doped sample gives a degradation of p-nitrophenol (PNP) equal to 70% instead of 25% with pure TiO2 and 10% with P25 under the same conditions. Similarly, the photocatalytic activity improved under UV/visible reaching 95% with the best sample compared to 50% with pure TiO2. This study suggests that N/Zr co-doped TiO2 nanoparticles can be produced in a safe and energy-efficient way while being markedly more active than state-of-the-art photocatalytic materials under visible light.

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Zirconium doped mesoporous TiO2 multilayer thin films: Influence of the zirconium content on the photodegradation of organic pollutants

Cited by 25 publications

References 45 publications

Fabricating Ag/PW₁₂/Zr‐mTiO₂ Composite via Doping and Interface Engineering: An Efficient Catalyst with Bifunctionality in Photo‐ and Electro‐Driven Nitrogen Reduction Reactions

Fabricating Ag/PW₁₂/Zr‐mTiO₂ Composite via Doping and Interface Engineering: An Efficient Catalyst with Bifunctionality in Photo‐ and Electro‐Driven Nitrogen Reduction Reactions

Ambient temperature ZrO2-doped TiO2 crystalline photocatalysts: Highly efficient powders and films for water depollution

Green Synthesis of N/Zr Co-Doped TiO2 for Photocatalytic Degradation of p-Nitrophenol in Wastewater

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Zirconium doped mesoporous TiO2 multilayer thin films: Influence of the zirconium content on the photodegradation of organic pollutants

Cited by 25 publications

References 45 publications

Fabricating Ag/PW12/Zr‐mTiO2 Composite via Doping and Interface Engineering: An Efficient Catalyst with Bifunctionality in Photo‐ and Electro‐Driven Nitrogen Reduction Reactions

Fabricating Ag/PW12/Zr‐mTiO2 Composite via Doping and Interface Engineering: An Efficient Catalyst with Bifunctionality in Photo‐ and Electro‐Driven Nitrogen Reduction Reactions

Ambient temperature ZrO2-doped TiO2 crystalline photocatalysts: Highly efficient powders and films for water depollution

Green Synthesis of N/Zr Co-Doped TiO2 for Photocatalytic Degradation of p-Nitrophenol in Wastewater

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Fabricating Ag/PW₁₂/Zr‐mTiO₂ Composite via Doping and Interface Engineering: An Efficient Catalyst with Bifunctionality in Photo‐ and Electro‐Driven Nitrogen Reduction Reactions

Fabricating Ag/PW₁₂/Zr‐mTiO₂ Composite via Doping and Interface Engineering: An Efficient Catalyst with Bifunctionality in Photo‐ and Electro‐Driven Nitrogen Reduction Reactions