Zircon U–Pb age and geochemical constraints on the origin of the Birjand ophiolite, Sistan suture zone, eastern Iran

Zarrinkoub, Mohammad Hossein; Pang, Kwan‐Nang; Chung, Sun‐Lin; Khatib, Mohammad Mahdi; Mohammadi, Seyyed Saeid; Chiu, Han-Pang; Lee, Hao‐Yang

doi:10.1016/j.lithos.2012.08.007

Cited by 95 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Such domains presently form the various ophiolitic sutures zones that surround the CEIM (Figure ). Available geochronological data frame the oceanic crust generation and destruction in the back‐arc domain during the Cretaceous–Palaeocene times (Bröcker et al, ; Rossetti et al, , ; Shafaii Moghadam et al, ; Shafaii Moghadam et al, , ; Zarrinkoub et al, ). Furthermore, a period of Cretaceous to Palaeocene contraction is regionally documented by field evidence (Berberian & Berberian, ; Berberian & King, ; Şengör, ; Stocklin, ) and supported by thermochronological results (Kargaranbafghi, Neubauer, & Genser, ; Verdel et al, ).…”

Section: Geological Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

The long‐term evolution of the Doruneh Fault region (Central Iran): A key to understanding the spatio‐temporal tectonic evolution in the hinterland of the Zagros convergence zone

et al. 2018

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A better understanding of intraplate deformation requires the knowledge of the space–time scales involved in its development and to decipher possible links with the dynamic evolution of the plate boundaries. Central Iran provides an ideal test site to approach this scientific issue, since it is characterised by a prolonged history of Mesozoic–Cenozoic intraplate deformation that has been interfering with the spatio‐temporal re‐organization of the Zagros convergence zone along the Eurasia plate boundary. This study focus on the Doruneh Fault (DF) region that is considered as the northern mechanical boundary of the Central East Iranian Microcontinent. By combining field investigations with apatite low‐temperature thermochronology, we present a revised tectono‐stratigraphic scenario for the DF region, typified by a punctuated history of fault‐related exhumation, burial and cooling history back to the Upper Cretaceous. When framed at regional scale, these results attest that the Zagros convergence zone, and its hinterland domain were fully mechanically coupled since ca. 40–35 Ma, a time lapse that is here referred as to the onset of continental collision along the Arabia–Eurasia plate boundary. In this scenario, the DF region operated throughout the Cenozoic as a major zone of residual stress accommodation and transfer in the hinterland domain of the Zagros convergence zone. Results of this study also suggest that the tectonic evolution along the Arabia–Eurasia plate boundary was modulated by the plate‐boundary dynamics and by the modes of tectonic reactivation of the intracontinental weak zones of Central Iran and at its tectonic boundaries.

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Section: Geological Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

The long‐term evolution of the Doruneh Fault region (Central Iran): A key to understanding the spatio‐temporal tectonic evolution in the hinterland of the Zagros convergence zone

et al. 2018

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“…Biostratigraphic dating of radiolarites yielded early Aptian to late Albian ages [ Babazadeh and De Wever , ]. Radiometric U‐Pb dating of zircons from oceanic leucogabbros yielded an Albian ages between 107 ± 1 and 113 ± 1 Ma [ Zarrinkoub et al ., ], while K‐Ar dating of amphiboles from oceanic gabbros yielded an Aptian age of 124 ± 11 Ma [ Delaloye and Desmons , ], suggesting that the Sistan oceanic basin was widely opened by the mid‐Cretaceous. Some authors [e.g., Berberian and Berberian , ] proposed that the Sistan basin opened as a back‐arc basin above the Zagros subduction zone, which was already active at that time [ Agard et al ., ].…”

Section: Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Sistan belt stretches N‐S along ~700 km at a high angle to adjacent mountain belts (Figure ). It is characterized by a wealth of preserved Mesozoic ophiolites [ Saccani et al ., ; Zarrinkoub et al ., ], large‐scale Cenozoic basins [ Tirrul et al ., ], profuse Cenozoic magmatism [ Camp and Griffis , ; Pang et al ., , ], and varied metamorphic rocks, including high‐pressure low‐temperature relicts (HP‐LT) [ Fotoohi Rad et al ., ; Angiboust et al ., ; Bröcker et al ., ]. The Sistan belt results from the closure of a small oceanic branch of the Neo‐Tethys ocean during the Cenozoic.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neogene to Present paleostress field in Eastern Iran (Sistan belt) and implications for regional geodynamics

et al. 2017

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We conducted a stress field analysis of the northern part of the ~700 km long north‐south trending, seismically active Sistan orogenic belt of Eastern Iran formed as a result of the closure of a branch of the Neo‐Tethys during the early Cenozoic. Fault kinematic data reveal drastic changes in the stress regime of Eastern Iran during the late Cenozoic, with three successive directions of compression (σ1), from 90°N during the middle‐late Miocene to 60°N during the late Pliocene and 25°N during the Plio‐Quaternary, thereby evidencing a counterclockwise rotation of about 65° of σ1 in less than 10 Myr. As shown by compilation of paleostress data, Plio‐Quaternary direction of compression in Sistan coincides with the one recorded across the whole of Iran and with present‐day Arabia‐Eurasia convergence direction. This result suggests effective stress transfer from the Zagros collision and that Sistan is at present mechanically coupled and shortened along with the rest of the Iranian crust/lithosphere. By contrast, Miocene compression is markedly different in the Iranian hinterland (e.g., Sistan, Central Iran, and Kopet Dagh) and in the Zagros orogen. This could tentatively be related to the end of Sistan collision and/or to the imprint of active deformation occurring further to the east. The intermediate late Pliocene compression (i.e., 60°N) could correspond to the progressive reorientation of the stress regime, as Sistan gets mechanically coupled to the Zagros collision.

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“…The ophiolitic sequence in the Birjand area (east of Iran) is comprised mainly of ultramafic rocks and indicates a well-developed mid-oceanic to suprasubduction ophiolite complex of Mid-Cretaceous age (Zarrinkoub et al, 2012). The geologic context and ore-host rock relationship of this ophiolitic sequence are similar to those of the Wazirestan (Shah & Moon, 2004 in Pakistan, the Artova (Oksüz & Okuyucu, 2014) in Turkey, and the Abadeh-Tashk (Rajabzadeh et al, 2017) and Baft (Heshmatbehzadi & Shahabpour, 2010) in Iran.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 66%

Geological and Geochemical Investigation of Three Ophiolite‐Hosted Manganese Prospects, Southeast of Birjand, South Khorasan, East of Iran

et al. 2017

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The studied ophiolite-hosted manganese prospects are located in southeast of Birjand, South Khorasan, in the east of Iran. The manganese ores within the ophiolitic sequence in this region occur as small discrete patches, associated with radiolarian chert and shale. Manganese ores in the host rocks are recognizable as three distinct syngenetic, diagenetic, and epigenetic features. The syngenetic manganese ores occurred as bands associated with light-red radiolarian chert. The diagenetic Mn ores occurred as lenses accompanied by dark-red to brown radiolarian chert. The epigenetic Mn ores occurred as veins/veinlets within the green radiolarian shale. The major manganese ore minerals are pyrolusite, braunite, bixbyite, ramsdellite, and romanechite showing replacement, colloidal, and brecciated textures. The high mean values of Mn/Fe (15.32) and Si/Al (15.65), and the low mean concentration values of trace elements, such as Cu (85.9 ppm), Ni (249.9 ppm), and Zn (149 ppm), as well as the high concentration values of Si, Fe, Mn, Ba, Zn, Sr, and As in the studied manganese ores furnished sufficient evidence to postulate that the sea-floor Mn-rich hydrothermal exhalatives were chiefly responsible for the ore formation, and the hydrogenous processes had negligible role in generation of the ores. The further geological and geochemical evidence also revealed that the ores deposited on the upper parts of the ophiolitic sequence by submarine exhalatives. The intense hydrothermal activities caused leaching of elements such as Mn, Fe, Si, Ba, As and Sr from the basaltic lavas (spilites). After debouching of the sea-floor exhalatives, these elements entered the sedimentary basin. The redox conditions were responsible for separation of Fe from Mn.

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Zircon U–Pb age and geochemical constraints on the origin of the Birjand ophiolite, Sistan suture zone, eastern Iran

Cited by 95 publications

References 51 publications

The long‐term evolution of the Doruneh Fault region (Central Iran): A key to understanding the spatio‐temporal tectonic evolution in the hinterland of the Zagros convergence zone

The long‐term evolution of the Doruneh Fault region (Central Iran): A key to understanding the spatio‐temporal tectonic evolution in the hinterland of the Zagros convergence zone

Neogene to Present paleostress field in Eastern Iran (Sistan belt) and implications for regional geodynamics

Geological and Geochemical Investigation of Three Ophiolite‐Hosted Manganese Prospects, Southeast of Birjand, South Khorasan, East of Iran

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