Zinc supplementation and stunted infants in Ethiopia: a randomised controlled trial

Umeta, Melaku; West, C.E.; Haidar, Jemal; Deurenberg, P.; Hautvast, J.G.A.J.

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(00)02348-5

Cited by 248 publications

(188 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…19,20 Quite recently, there have been objective signs that zinc supplementation has reduced anorexia among malnourished Ethiopian children. 21 Here, we used zinc chelate, differently from most of other authors, whose experience is concerned with zinc The response to zinc chelate and placebo are shown in Table 2, where we note a preponderance of favorable responses in the children who received zinc chelate, comparatively to those who received placebo (p < 0.05).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Suplementação com zinco pode recuperar apetite para refeições de sal

Campos¹,

Neto²,

Filho³

et al. 2004

J. Pediatr. (Rio J.)

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Objective: To evaluate the effect of zinc on the appetite for salt foods in children aged 8 months to 5 years.Method: Double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Two groups of 20 children refusing to eat salt foods were followed during six months. The children in the first group received zinc chelate 1 mg/kg daily for three months. The second group received a placebo solution. The two groups were similar in terms of age, sex, weight, duration of breastfeeding, age at weaning, biochemical and hematological data. The response of children to treatment was informed by their mothers.Results: 17/20 (85%) of the children receiving zinc chelate and 10/20 (50%) of the children receiving placebo improved their appetite for salt foods. The difference was statistically significant (p < 0.05, chi-square test).Conclusion : Zinc supplementation may improve the acceptance of salt foods by children.J Pediatr (Rio J). 2004;80(1):55-9: Zinc and appetite, appetite for salt foods, zinc chelate, anorexia in children.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Suplementação com zinco pode recuperar apetite para refeições de sal

Campos¹,

Neto²,

Filho³

et al. 2004

J. Pediatr. (Rio J.)

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“…--Based on published study by Umeta et al (8) that shows benefit to both groups. DALY averted if we assume: (i) a diarrhoea case fatality rate of 2/1000; (ii) that a death in infancy corresponds to 33 DALY (based on WHO DALY estimates); (iii) that duration of an illness is 7 d; and (iv) that disability weighting for a diarrhoeal episode is 0?12 (28)(29)(30) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If we doubled the cost of Zn supplementation, then VAZ would cost $Int 82 960 and $Int 149 328 at 80 % and 95 % coverage, respectively. (8) . For calculation of ICER without geographic targeting by stunting prevalence, we used relative risk of diarrhoea incidence among the VAZ group of 0?80 compared with VA (3) , with the latter having 2?92 episodes per child per year based on the KZN trial.…”

Section: Estimates Of Cost Of Supplementationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The latter aim arises from the finding in several micronutrient trials, and in a recent meta-analysis, that Zn supplementation preferentially reduces diarrhoea incidence in stunted children (3,7,8) . We maintain universal vitamin A supplementation as a standard of care given that this public health intervention has an evidence base that has already resulted in its general acceptance in child health programmes (9) .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cost of childhood diarrhoea in rural South Africa: exploring cost-effectiveness of universal zinc supplementation

Chhagan

Broeck

Luabeya

et al. 2013

Public Health Nutr.

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Objective: To describe the cost of diarrhoeal illness in children aged 6-24 months in a rural South African community and to determine the threshold prevalence of stunting at which universal Zn plus vitamin A supplementation (VAZ) would be more cost-effective than vitamin A alone (VA) in preventing diarrhoea. Design: We conducted a cost analysis using primary and secondary data sources. Using simulations we examined incremental costs of VAZ relative to VA while varying stunting prevalence. Setting: Data on efficacy and societal costs were largely from a South African trial. Secondary data were from local and international published sources. Subjects: The trial included children aged 6-24 months. The secondary data sources were a South African health economics survey and the WHO-CHOICE (CHOosing Interventions that are Cost Effective) database. Results: In the trial, stunted children supplemented with VAZ had 2?04 episodes (95 % CI 1?37, 3?05) of diarrhoea per child-year compared with 3?92 episodes (95 % CI 3?02, 5?09) in the VA arm. Average cost of illness was $Int 7?80 per episode (10th, 90th centile: $Int 0?28, $Int 15?63), assuming a minimum standard of care (oral rehydration and 14 d of therapeutic Zn). In simulation scenarios universal VAZ had low incremental costs or became cost-saving relative to VA when the prevalence of stunting was close to 20 %. Incremental cost-effectiveness ratios were sensitive to the cost of intervention and coverage levels. Conclusions: This simulation suggests that universal VAZ would be cost-effective at current levels of stunting in parts of South Africa. This requires further validation under actual programmatic conditions.

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“…Of these trace elements, zinc is a constituent of a number of enzymes and, as such, is involved in a large number of metabolic processes. Mild to severe zinc deficiency disrupts several biological functions, such as gene expression, protein synthesis, immunity, skeletal growth and maturation, gonad development, pregnancy outcomes, taste perception, and appetite [7,8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blood cell, liver function, and response changes by PEG-interferon-α2b plus ribavirin with polaprezinc therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis C

Kim

Sasase

et al. 2008

Hepatol Int

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Purpose Zinc has been reported to ameliorate hematologic side effects and improve liver function. In addition to its various effects, zinc supplementation in chronic hepatitis C patients with genotype 1b of high viral load enhanced the response to interferon (IFN) monotherapy. This study was aimed at clarifying whether zinc could improve hematologic side effects, improve liver function, and enhance the response to therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis C treated with pegylated-interferon (PEG-IFN) plus ribavirin (RBV). Methods The 32 patients enrolled in the study were randomly divided into two groups: a PEG-IFN-a2b plus RBV with zinc group (PEG/RBV + zinc, n = 16) and a PEG-IFN-a2b plus RBV group (PEG/RBV, n = 16). HCV-RNA, serum zinc, ALT, white blood cell, red blood cell, platelet, and hemoglobin (Hb) levels were examined. Results Serum zinc levels were significantly higher in the PEG/RBV with zinc group than in the PEG/RBV without zinc group at 4, 8, and 12 weeks. No significant differences were observed in the clearance of HCV-RNA between the two groups. The outcome of the treatment was similar; results of laboratory examinations including ALT before, during, and after therapy revealed no significant differences between the two groups at any point in all items except serum zinc levels. A sustained virological response rate was observed in 50.0% in the PEG/RBV with zinc group and 43.8% in the PEG/RBV without zinc group, with no significant difference between the two groups. Conclusions The study demonstrated no evidence that zinc ameliorates hematologic side effects, improves liver function, and enhances the response to the therapy in chronic hepatitis C receiving PEG-IFN-a2b plus RBV.

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Zinc supplementation and stunted infants in Ethiopia: a randomised controlled trial

Cited by 248 publications

References 20 publications

Suplementação com zinco pode recuperar apetite para refeições de sal

Suplementação com zinco pode recuperar apetite para refeições de sal

Cost of childhood diarrhoea in rural South Africa: exploring cost-effectiveness of universal zinc supplementation

Blood cell, liver function, and response changes by PEG-interferon-α2b plus ribavirin with polaprezinc therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis C

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