Zinc Sulfide as Catalyst for the Heterogenous Photoreduction of Water

J, Bücheler; Zeug, N.; Kisch, Horst

doi:10.1002/anie.198207831

Cited by 22 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…38 Applications as catalysts for photochemical reactions have been reported. 39 The ZnS clusters and surfaces have been investigated theoretically. 40,41 In all of the above work the ligands or environment which terminate the ZnS cluster are significant in influencing size and † E-Mail: I.Dance@unsw.edu.au structure.…”

Section: School Of Chemistry University Of New South Wales Sydney 205...mentioning

confidence: 99%

A new type of zinc sulfide cluster: [Zn10S7(py)9(SO4)3]·3H2O

Ali¹,

Dance²,

Craig³

et al. 1998

J. Chem. Soc., Dalton Trans.

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Section: School Of Chemistry University Of New South Wales Sydney 205...mentioning

confidence: 99%

A new type of zinc sulfide cluster: [Zn10S7(py)9(SO4)3]·3H2O

Ali¹,

Dance²,

Craig³

et al. 1998

J. Chem. Soc., Dalton Trans.

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“…These radicals subsequently proceed to react either with other carbon radicals or with unsaturated sites such as double bonds to form new C–C bonds. A prominent example of such a reaction is the dimerization of 2,5‐dihydrofuran over illuminated platinized CdS , , . In a first step, the 2,5‐dihydrofuran is oxidized to a carbon‐centered radical cation.…”

Section: Reaction Typesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These radical pathways, however, also mean that the selectivity is often very difficult to control and to engineer, due to the radicals' high reactivity. Nevertheless there are some cases in which exceptional selectivity has been achieved, one set of examples being in the C–C coupling reactions reported by Kisch et al, , , …”

Section: Reaction Typesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other early oxidation reactions include oxidative cleavages and oxidation of aromatic olefins, but also oxidation reactions of lactams and N ‐acylamines, all in the presence of air/oxygen. Kisch et al showed in 1982 that, in addition to an oxidative C–C coupling reaction, namely the coupling of 2,5‐dihydrofuran, also hydrogen could be produced on ZnS , . Thus, the production of a prominent clean energy carrier could be combined with organic synthesis of previously unknown compounds.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Heterogeneous Photoredox Catalysis: Reactions, Materials, and Reaction Engineering

Bloh

Marschall

2017

Eur J Org Chem

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This microreview briefly summarizes recent developments in heterogeneous photoredox catalysis, with a special focus on materials, reactors, and reaction design to optimize IntroductionThe use of inorganic semiconductor light absorbers to generate charge carriers for electrochemical surface reactions is a viable strategy for conversion of solar energy into fuel.[1] Besides prominent applications in water splitting, waste water/air depollution, and CO 2 reduction, the preparation of organic compounds has drawn a lot of attention in recent years, for synthesis of organic compounds through either oxidative or reductive pathways, or through coupled photoredox reactions to result in one reaction product. Moreover, the use of visible-light-absorbing materials for such reactions is a very important development in this field of heterogeneous photocatalysis.[a] DECHEMA Research Institute 60486 Frankfurt am Main, 35392 Giessen, yields. New areas such as the integration of enzymatic processes are also presented, together with an extended overview of materials, reactors, and engineering.Upon light irradiation of a semiconductor with photon energy larger than the band gap, electrons are excited from the valence band (VB) of the semiconductor into its conduction band (CB). At that point, the resulting charge carriers [electrons in the CB (e -CB ) and holes in the VB (h + VB )] have to diffuse to the surface of the semiconductor for surface redox reactions; however, many of them recombine at an earlier stage before reaching it.[2] Thus, materials scientists are looking into ways to optimize semiconductor materials for optimum charge carrier transport by reducing charge carrier diffusion lengths.[3] After reaching the surface, electrons and holes can react with acceptors ( . Such acceptors or donors could be protons, water, or other adsorbed molecules. For the oxidation of alcohols, for example, it is generally accepted that the alcohol needs to be adsorbed before reaction. [4] Photocatalytic reactions/syntheses can be divided, according to Kisch et al., into two kinds of reactions: into type A or type B photocatalysis, with the generation either of two reaction products or of one reaction product, respectively.[5] Whereas some Microreview industrial processes might require harsh reaction conditions or potentially health-impairing solvents, photocatalysis can generate organic products under relatively mild conditions, thanks to the high potential energy provided by the energy of the photons. One of the very first reported organic syntheses on a semiconductor surface was the photo-Kolbe reaction, in which acetate was converted into ethane on a TiO 2 electrode. [6] At that time, evolution of hydrogen as reduction product could not be detected. Other early oxidation reactions include oxidative cleavages [7] and oxidation of aromatic olefins, [8] but also oxidation reactions of lactams and N-acylamines, [9] all in the presence of air/oxygen. Kisch et al. showed in 1982 that, in addition to an oxidative C-C coupling react...

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“…For example, an aqueous suspension of 1,4-dihydrofuran in the presence of zinc sulfide undergoes oxidation to give the coupling product [18][19][20][21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photocatalyzed reaction of indole in an aqueous suspension of titanium dioxide

et al. 2010

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The photocatalyzed oxidation of indole (1) in an aqueous suspension of titanium dioxide has been investigated and an attempt has been made to identify the products formed during the photooxidation process by gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric (GC-MS) analysis. Photolysis of an aqueous solution of indole (1) in the presence of titanium dioxide and oxygen led to the formation of 2,3-dihydroindole-2-one (6) and 1H-indole-2,3-dione (7). A probable pathway for the formation of these products has been proposed.

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Zinc Sulfide as Catalyst for the Heterogenous Photoreduction of Water

Cited by 22 publications

References 1 publication

A new type of zinc sulfide cluster: [Zn10S7(py)9(SO4)3]·3H2O

A new type of zinc sulfide cluster: [Zn10S7(py)9(SO4)3]·3H2O

Heterogeneous Photoredox Catalysis: Reactions, Materials, and Reaction Engineering

Photocatalyzed reaction of indole in an aqueous suspension of titanium dioxide

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