Zinc Stearate Production by Precipitation and Fusion Processes

Gönen, Mehmet; Balköse, Devri̇m; İnal, Fikret; Ülkü, Semra

doi:10.1021/ie049398o

Cited by 39 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 14 publications

(27 reference statements)

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“…An increase in band intensity at 763 cm -1 was attributed to aromatic =C-H out-of-plane deformation vibrations from the pirithione structure. The weak band at 1536 cm -1 depicts that the coordination of oxygen atoms to Zn is in chelated form, if they were in ionic form, a peak at 1576 cm -1 would be observed 31 . The reduction in E. coli population did not differ significantly between ZnPT and AgNano incorporated TPE samples (E. coli -t = 2.60; df = 2.01; p = 0.12).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial Performance of Thermoplastic Elastomers Containing Zinc Pyrithione and Silver Nanoparticles

et al. 2017

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The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the antimicrobial potential of styrene-ethylene/ butylene-styrene based thermoplastic elastomers (TPE) incorporated with zinc pyrithione (ZnPT) and silver nanoparticles (AgNano). Japan Industrial Standard was applied to evaluate the antimicrobial potential of incorporated TPE compounds against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli). Antifungal action was evaluated against Aspergillus niger, Candida albicans and Cladosporium cladosporioides. Samples prepared with ZnPT eliminated 99.9% of the E. coli and 99.7 % of the S. aureus population, and presented an inhibition zone in the fungal assay. Samples prepared with AgNano eliminated 99.7% of the E. coli and 95.5 % of the S. aureus population. There was no inhibition zone in samples containing AgNano; however, these samples did not present fungal growth on their surfaces. TPE samples containing ZnPT showed biocidal activity against the microorganisms tested and can be used to develop antimicrobial products.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial Performance of Thermoplastic Elastomers Containing Zinc Pyrithione and Silver Nanoparticles

et al. 2017

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“…The reported properties of paraffin given by Baykim are as following: melting point 56-58°C, oil content lower than 1 mass%, and color white. The detailed information on the production and characterization of ZnSt 2 can be found in our previous study [15].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As the melting point of ZnSt 2 is 122°C [15], mixing of ZnSt 2 and paraffin was carried out above this temperature so that distribution of the additive is provided well by the help of good agitation. The mixture was cooled to room temperature and solid samples were examined for thermal degradation.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of zinc stearate on thermal degradation of paraffin wax

Gönen

Balköse

İnal

et al. 2008

J Therm Anal Calorim

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Petroleum waxes are complex mixtures of high molecular mass saturated hydrocarbons. These hydrocarbon mixtures mainly consist of n-, iso-, and cyclo-alkanes and traces of aromatic and hetero-analogous compounds in the range of C16-C65 [1,2]. They are mainly divided into two groups, macrocrystalline and microcrystalline waxes, according to their structural constituents. In refining industry, waxes are obtained as a by-product in lubricating oil manufacturing process. As paraffin waxes have excellent properties, such as water-repellency and lubricity they find a wide range of applications including paper and chipboard production, packaging materials, cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries, and plastic industries [2]. Apart from these, they are also used as a component of binder system in ceramic processing, metal powder molding and metal injection molding [3,4]. A technical grade paraffin wax was used as phase change material in deposition of solar energy due to its high latent heat of melting (i.e., 190 kJ kg -1 ) [5]. In most of its applications, thermal decomposition takes place during processing or sintering, such as ceramic or metal powder molding. Another use of paraffin wax is solid fuel for rocket systems. Recently, it has been studied as a high regression rate propellant. It is a candidate for rocket solid fuel, which is expected to replace the conventional rocket fuels, such as cryogenic combustible gases; polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), high density polyethylene (HDPE), due to its low cost, reduced complexity and increased performance. It has been pointed out that paraffin wax regression rate is about 0.100 cm -1 , which is five times greater than the other solid hybrid fuels [6]. The thermal decomposition kinetics of RP-1 rocket propellant, which consists of paraffins, olefins and aromatics, was investigated between 375-500°C. Thermal decomposition kinetics of RP-1 was assumed to occur by first order reaction [7].Paraffin molecules having different chain length behave similarly towards most of the reactants under similar reaction conditions. When they are heated, they start to degrade into smaller chain lengths. The degradation of petroleum based material is assumed as first order reactions [8].The chain length can be decreased by high temperature treatment and solids having metal ions that act as catalysts. Paraffins in oxidizing media at high temperature undergo simultaneous pyrolysis and oxidation reactions. Pyrolysis of n-hexadecane, considered as paraffinic substance, was studied by Watanabe et al. at 500-550°C in a batch type closed reactor [9]. There were five elementary reaction groups in the pyrolysis of n-hexadecane; initiation, isomerization, b-scission, H-abstraction and termination. In this mechanism, n-alkanes were produced from H-abstraction and l-alkenes are formed via b-scission [9]. Polyethylene which is a polymeric paraffin was converted to liquid and wax products using zeolite with concentrations up to maximum mass by 50% [10]. Organometallic compounds are added to fuels in small qu...

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“…This oil seed crop has been cultivated on a commercial scale for several years and is abundantly available in Nigeria, India and Australia. The fatty acid composition enables its use in cosmetic formulations, metal soaps, alkyd resins and the production of biodiesel [2][3][4][5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[3]. Metal soaps prepared from rubber seed oil have been shown to have a stabilizing effect on flexible and rigid PVC [2,[6][7][8][9] and as plasticizer for acrylonitrile rubber [4] amongst other uses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal behaviour of metal soaps from biodegradable rubber seed oil

Balköse

Egbuchunam

Okieimen

2010

J Therm Anal Calorim

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Soaps are a class of surface active compounds derived from natural oils and fats. Double decomposition reactions permit the synthesis of metallic soaps, which are long-chain carboxylates of metal ions, from alkaline ones such as sodium, potassium or ammonium soaps. Metallic soaps are commercially important as they find use in diverse applications such as driers in paints or inks, components of lubricating greases, heat stabilizers for plastics (especially PVC), catalysts and water proofing agents, fuel additives and cosmetic products amongst others. Many of these applications are related to the thermal properties of these compounds and the thermal behaviour of metal soaps in terms of decomposition processes is of great importance. Rubber seed oil (RSO) which is an unsaturated triglyceride abundantly available in Nigeria, India and Australia is an excellent starting material for metal soaps. In this study rubber seed oil having 2.2% myristic acid, 7.6% palmitic acid, 10.7% stearic acid, 20.61% oleic acid, 36.62% linoleic acid, 22.5% linolenic acid was used in making barium, calcium, cadmium and zinc soaps. The thermal behaviour of soaps (Ba, Ca, Cd and Zn) of rubber seed oil for use as additives in the processing of poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) was investigated by thermal gravimetry and differential scanning calorimetry. The stability of the soaps was examined by thermogravimetry up to 873 K at a constant heating rate of 10°C min -1 . The soaps were found to be thermally stable up to 473 K as they recorded less than 5% mass loss at this temperature with values of apparent activation energy for decomposition varying from 52 to 96 kJ mol -1 . Differential scanning calorimetric studies of the soaps revealed melting and decomposition behaviour of metal soaps.

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Zinc Stearate Production by Precipitation and Fusion Processes

Cited by 39 publications

References 14 publications

Antimicrobial Performance of Thermoplastic Elastomers Containing Zinc Pyrithione and Silver Nanoparticles

Antimicrobial Performance of Thermoplastic Elastomers Containing Zinc Pyrithione and Silver Nanoparticles

The effect of zinc stearate on thermal degradation of paraffin wax

Thermal behaviour of metal soaps from biodegradable rubber seed oil

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