Zinc Poisoning - Symptoms, Causes, Treatments

Rahimzadeh, Mehrdad Rafati; Rahimzadeh, Mehravar Rafati; Kazemi, Sohrab; Moghadamnia, Ali Akbar

doi:10.2174/1389557520666200414161944

Cited by 49 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…Access to various chemicals has caused many cases of poisoning in the last decades [ 1 , 2 ]. People are deliberately or accidentally poisoned by misuse or overdose of drugs and chemicals [ 3 , 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aluminum Poisoning with Emphasis on Its Mechanism and Treatment of Intoxication

Rahimzadeh

Kazemi

et al. 2022

Emergency Medicine International

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108

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Aluminum poisoning has been reported in some parts of the world. It is one of the global health problems that affect many organs. Aluminum is widely used daily by humans and industries. Residues of aluminum compounds can be found in drinking water, food, air, medicine, deodorants, cosmetics, packaging, many appliances and equipment, buildings, transportation industries, and aerospace engineering. Exposure to high levels of aluminum compounds leads to aluminum poisoning. Aluminum poisoning has complex and multidimensional effects, such as disruption or inhibition of enzymes activities, changing protein synthesis, nucleic acid function, and cell membrane permeability, preventing DNA repair, altering the stability of DNA organization, inhibition of the protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) activity, increasing reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, inducing oxidative stress, decreasing activity of antioxidant enzymes, altering cellular iron homeostasis, and changing NF-kB, p53, and JNK pathway leading to apoptosis. Aluminum poisoning can affect blood content, musculoskeletal system, kidney, liver, and respiratory and nervous system, and the extent of poisoning can be diagnosed by assaying aluminum compounds in blood, urine, hair, nails, and sweat. Chelator agents such as deferoxamine (DFO) are used in the case of aluminum poisoning. Besides, combination therapies are recommended.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aluminum Poisoning with Emphasis on Its Mechanism and Treatment of Intoxication

Rahimzadeh

Kazemi

et al. 2022

Emergency Medicine International

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108

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“…The girl was successfully treated with VV-ECMO. Metal fume inhalation also causes an acute respiratory and circulatory failure, and ECMO has been successfully applied for the severely poisoned patients ( 40 , 41 ). Toxic gas inhalation causes lung damage.…”

Section: Ecmo For Acute Toxic Inhalationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation for Acute Toxic Inhalations: Case Reports and Literature Review

et al. 2021

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Previous studies have shown that poisoning is a major threat to human health. Inhalation of acute toxic gas has been linked to serious health consequences. Among the antidotes for poisoning currently used, supportive care is the most common intervention in clinical practice. Severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and/or refractory cardiogenic shock or cardiac arrest caused by toxins are associated with high mortality and are difficult to treat. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is an aggressive supportive measure used to manage severely poisoned patients. This study presents two cases of acute toxic gases inhalation, severe ARDS and circulatory instability induced by bromine inhalation, and ARDS induced by nitric acid inhalation which were successfully treated with ECMO. The ECMO techniques used in the animal models and in human cases to treat severe poisoning are described as well as the indications, contraindications, complications, and weaning of ECMO.

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“…Since mercury easily vaporizes at room temperature, the main route of absorption is often through inhalation to lungs . Human being can be infected with mercury through the anthropogenic activities like mining,waste water discharge ,agriculture or industry waste (14). Methylmercury may be neurotoxic compound which is accountable for the destruction of microtubule , damage of mitochondrial , peroxidation of lipids and the accumulation of neurotoxic molecules like glutamate ,serotonin and aspartate (15) .The main target organ of mercury is brain yet it can damage any body part resulting into the breaking down of muscles nerves and kidneys as well.…”

Section: Mercurymentioning

confidence: 99%