Zinc peroxide nanoparticles: Surface, chemical and optical properties and the effect of thermal treatment on the detoxification of mustard gas

Synthesis and Characterization of Zinc Peroxide Nanoparticles for the Photodegradation of Nitrobenzene Assisted by UV-Light

“…These peaks are assigned to ZnO2 according to the single phase observed in the XRD results. For instance, some peaks display low intensity and have been found in other peroxides [30] and the peaks at 847 and 930 cm −1 are in agreement with the Raman spectra of nanocrystalline ZnO2 [39]. As for the most intense peak, a stretch mode of a O-O vibration that is not well resolved in the infrared spectrum is centered at approx.…”

“…Also, a reduction of the excitons lifetime is expected since the material exhibited a poor crystallinity [29]. Despite the fact that peroxide materials are stable at low temperatures, and that the conduction band of ZnO 2 is higher than that of other catalysts, such as TiO 2 , it has been proved that ZnO 2 continues to preserve its crystalline structure at high temperatures (below 120) [30], and its facile synthesis and non-toxic nature [31] give rise to considering it as a candidate. In addition, the conversion of ZnO 2 to ZnO that takes place through the photoreaction releases O 2− and ZnO [30], which is a material with a small bandgap [22].…”

“…Despite the fact that peroxide materials are stable at low temperatures, and that the conduction band of ZnO 2 is higher than that of other catalysts, such as TiO 2 , it has been proved that ZnO 2 continues to preserve its crystalline structure at high temperatures (below 120) [30], and its facile synthesis and non-toxic nature [31] give rise to considering it as a candidate. In addition, the conversion of ZnO 2 to ZnO that takes place through the photoreaction releases O 2− and ZnO [30], which is a material with a small bandgap [22]. These factors can favor degradation since the two materials (ZnO 2 /ZnO) will be coexisting in the system [30], increasing the photon absorption range.…”

“…In addition, the conversion of ZnO 2 to ZnO that takes place through the photoreaction releases O 2− and ZnO [30], which is a material with a small bandgap [22]. These factors can favor degradation since the two materials (ZnO 2 /ZnO) will be coexisting in the system [30], increasing the photon absorption range. This phase transition does not compromise its recycling and reusability since it has been shown that ZnO 2 is a material that is easy, quick and has a low cost to regenerate, conserving its efficient catalytic activity [28].…”

Decontamination of the Mustard Gas (HD) Simulant CEES by Using a Molybdate‐Based ILs/H2O2 System

“…Thus, outstanding decontamination system that can meet these requirements of effective solubility of chemical warfare agents (CWAs), faster decontamination, and lesser irritative effect is still in search. In terms of improving the solubility of HD, the methods mainly include adding cosolvents, adsorbents, surfactants, etc. In terms of improving oxidation activity, the methods mainly include constructing Fenton‐like systems or adding activators such as bicarbonate, borate, molybdate, etc.…”