Zinc oxide rod-coated cotton fabric: a super-hydrophobic material for self-cleaning and oil/water separation

Significant enhancement in the cold emission characteristics of chemically synthesized super-hydrophobic zinc oxide rods by nickel doping

“…The average crystallite grain sizes of samples A and B were 48.8 and 58.9 nm, respectively. 38 characteristic of O 2− ions in wurtzite ZnO, 39 whereas that at 531 eV conrms the existence of an oxygen-decient region in ZnO. It is clearly seen that aer Ni doping, the peak at 529 eV is very prominent in sample B, and the same result was quantitatively conrmed when the area under the curves was computed from the deconvoluted spectra.…”

“…The synthesis of pure and doped ZNR on clean glass and silicon substrates was done by a simple chemical method assisted with KMnO 4 pre-seeding. 38 In a typical experiment, the KMnO 4 seeding was done by taking 0.04 g of KMnO 4 in 50 ml of deionized (DI) water and stirring after adding the correct amount of n -hexanol. The system was heated at 80 °C for half an hour.…”

Sonochemical Routes to Superhydrophobic Soft Matter Coatings: Comparing Silica and Copper Oxide Coatings on Polyester Fabric

“…All coatings were done without the use of additives, and completely absent of any harmful fluorochemical components, while simultaneously minimizing the use of organic solvents to reduce volatile organic compounds (VOCs). To illustrate efficacy, the “open-cell” coated substrates were subsequently used as filter media for the separation of hexane and water mixtures based on differing hydrophobic-oleophilic properties; low-polarity solvents like hexane can reflect the ability of a membrane to recover organic solvents and oils. − Zhang et al have reported excellent filtration properties of polyester in this regard . Filter and sorption membranes span a range of materials each offering variant selective removal, e.g., those based on natural fibers, cotton, glass fiber, porous carbon, expanded graphite, foams, metals, poly­(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) fibers, poly­(tetrafluoroethylene) (PTFE)-based Nafion and PET-based polyester (the latter two being exemplary for filtration of organic substances). − For example, dye usage spans industries including textiles, cosmetics, and plastics where oily wastewater emulsions are often generated due to the numerous dye processing aids required for conventional coloration. , This is further complicated by the presence of other additives, e.g., sodium sulfate (Na 2 SO 4 ) is commonly used as a leveling agent and to improve substantivity in textile dyeing, and is thus frequently found in the hyperhaline wastewater runoff from textile mills .…”