Zinc oxide nanoparticles fabricated with phytoextracts for the control of mosquito vectors- A systemic Review

Abstract

Transmission of pathogens by mosquito vectors pose serious challenges to public health. Controlling the vectors is a promising option in preventing the spread of infectious agents. Several chemical approaches though effectively control mosquitoes, proved to cause side effects including resistant mosquito species and environmental contamination. Green chemistry mediated nanoparticles synthesis is simple, quick, economically modest and environmentally safe and hence could be a safe alternative. The purpose of this review is to categorise, analyse, and organise the main findings from research papers on plant extract mediated zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) with potential larvicidal properties. The investigation involved analysing the published literature from different scientific databases. The main focus was on identifying scientific reports on the green synthesized ZnO-NPs that showed the larvicidal potency (LC50) less than 25 μg/mL. Further, the review discusses the various methods of synthesis of ZnO-NPs and their mechanism of toxicity against mosquito larvae. The consolidated and organized information presented in this review can be effectively utilized for the design, development, and optimization of phyto-mediate nanoparticles synthesis with potential larvicidal activity. The summarized data provides a foundation for further research and application in the field of herbal insecticides, particularly focusing on their larvicidal properties.