Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Exhibit Favorable Properties to Promote Tissue Integration of Biomaterials

Abstract

Due to the demographic change, medicine faces a growing demand for tissue engineering solutions and implants. Often, satisfying tissue regeneration is difficult to achieve especially when co-morbidities hamper the healing process. As a novel strategy, we propose the incorporation of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) into biomaterials to improve tissue regeneration. Due to their wide range of biocompatibility and their antibacterial properties, ZnO NPs are already discussed for different medical applications. As there are versatile possibilities of modifying their form, size, and function, they are becoming increasingly attractive for tissue engineering. In our study, in addition to antibacterial effects of ZnO NPs, we show for the first time that ZnO NPs can foster the metabolic activity of fibroblasts as well as endothelial cells, both cell types being crucial for successful implant integration. With the gelatin sponge method performed on the chicken embryo’s chorioallantoic membrane (CAM), we furthermore confirmed the high biocompatibility of ZnO NPs. In summary, we found ZnO NPs to have very favorable properties for the modification of biomaterials. Here, incorporation of ZnO NPs could help to guide the tissue reaction and promote complication-free healing.

Antimicrobial Clothing Based on Electrospun Fibers with ZnO Nanoparticles

“…Because ZnO nanostructures may form reactive oxygen species (ROS) and release Zn 2+ ions, they are physiologically active, and toxicological studies always accompany the creation of novel ZnO-based nanomaterial to assess their biocompatibility [ 47 ]. While the use of modest doses of ZnO NStr enhances cell development, differentiation, and proliferation [ 48 ], as well as tissue regeneration, enhancing angiogenesis and osteointegration processes [ 49 ], multiple studies have shown that this is accompanied by ZnO antibacterial and antifungal capabilities [ 50 ]. Furthermore, ZnO NStr exhibits selectivity for specific cell lines, making them prospective candidates for cancer cell killing [ 51 ].…”

Smartly Engineered Casein Manganese Oxide Nanobiomaterials and Its Potential Therapeutic Angiogenesis Applications for Wound Healing and Limb Ischemia

“…We also assume along with previous reports that metals in nanoform allow to release the ions gradually over longer period of time that can show more therapeutic efficacy compared to metal salts/ionizable salts. [80,81] Based on the overall exciting results, the comprehensive toxicity profile as well as preclinical assessment of CMnNP in animal model has been initiated which are beyond the range of the current work.…”

Hyaluronic Acid with Bone Substitutes Enhance Angiogenesis In Vivo

“…Further analysis included total vessel area, total vessel length, mean vessel thickness and number of branching points. For this purpose, manual counting as well as a specific software was used (v3.0.0, KML Vision GmbH, IKOSA AI Platform, Graz, Austria), as described before [ 46 ]. For immunohistochemical analysis, eggs were processed as following.…”

“…The chicken chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay is a well-proven and standardly used in-vivo model to monitor angiogenesis [ 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 ]. Among other preferences, the model has a low cost, simplicity, easy accessibility, and reliability [ 47 ].…”