Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Cause Morphological Changes in Human A549 Cell Line Through Alteration in the Expression Pattern of Small GTPases at <i>m</i>RNA Level

Santimano, Maria Celisa; Martin, Ansie; Kowshik, Meenal; Sarkar, Angshuman

doi:10.1166/jbns.2013.1134

Cited by 17 publications

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“…After 24 and 48 hrs time interval 10 µl of the stock solution of resazurin dye was added Oncotarget 1613 www.oncotarget.com to all wells along with a negative control having no cells and incubated for 4 hrs. After incubation the absorbance values at 600 and 690 nm were taken using Shimazdu spectrophotometer and Positive difference in absorbance at wavelength of 600 nm and 690 nm of each well culture against control was assessed and the percentage reduction was then calculated and reported as a measure of toxicity as per published reports [46,47].…”

Section: Resazurin Reduction Assaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Quinacrine inhibits GSTA1 activity and induces apoptosis through G1/S arrest and generation of ROS in human non-small cell lung cancer cell lines

et al. 2020

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Background: Quinacrine (QC) is popular for its anti-malarial activity. It has been reported exhibiting anti-cancerous properties by suppressing nuclear factor-κB and activating p53 signaling; however, its effect on cellular pathways in human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has not been studied. Materials and Methods: Binding of QC with GSTA1 was studied computationally as well as through GST activity assay kit. Cell viability, cell cycle and mitochondrial membrane potential activity were studied using flow cytometry. RT-PCR and western blot were carried out to understand the involvement of various genes at their mRNA as well as protein level. Results: QC inhibited the activity of GSTA1 approximately by 40-45% which inhibits cell survival and promotes apoptosis. QC reduced viability of NSCLC cells in a dose-dependent manner. It also causes nuclear fragmentation, G 1 /S arrest of cell cycle and ROS generation; which along with disruption of mitochondrial membrane potential activity leads to apoptotic fate. Conclusions: Results revealed, QC has promising anti-cancer potential against NSCLC cells via inhibition of GSTA1, induction of G 1 /S arrest and ROS mediated apoptotic signaling.

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Section: Resazurin Reduction Assaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Quinacrine inhibits GSTA1 activity and induces apoptosis through G1/S arrest and generation of ROS in human non-small cell lung cancer cell lines

et al. 2020

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“…Treatment of cells with NPs also caused morphological changes such as the formation of blebbed nuclei, numerous lipid droplets in the cytoplasm and increased numbers of mitochondria and cytoplasmic vacuoles containing nanoparticles [49][50][51]. To date, the changes in morphology of cells exposed to NPs were documented using optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) [51][52][53][54][55].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The in vitro toxicity evaluation of halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) in human lung cells

et al. 2020

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Halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) have been increasingly used in many industrial and biomedical fields. Therefore, the assessment of risk and consequences of exposure to HNTs is very important to better protect human safety. This study aims to investigate the short- (24 or 72 h) and long-term (7 days) cytotoxic effects of HNTs at doses 10–200 µg/mL on human alveolar carcinoma epithelial cells (A549) and human bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS-2B). The effect of HNTs on cell viability, apoptosis, cell proliferation, oxidative/antioxidative status and cell morphology was evaluated. Our results showed that cytotoxicity of HNTs is dependent on dose, cell model and time of exposure. During the time of exposition toxic effects were intensified. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to use holo-tomographic microscopy (HTM) to visualise changes in cell morphology due to exposure from HNTs. We observed cells contraction, changes in the size and shape, cell surface folding and cytoplasmic vacuolization, peripheral arrangement of cell nuclei and even increase number of nucleus, which undoubtedly confirmed cytotoxic effect of HNTs at low doses (5 µg/mL and 25 µg/mL). Our results demonstrated that HTM technique provides a new insight into the assessment of HNTs toxicity. Further studies with different cell models are recommended to assess the toxic effect of HNTs on whole human body.

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“…Morphology modulations can be studied through documenting the changes in the cell as a dose and time dependent function of the exposing agent, using an inverted microscope [20]. Merged with Hoechst stained pictures, can provide additional information on the nuclear morphology.…”

Section: Structural Tracking As a Function Of Nanoparticle Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vitro Toxicity Testing of Nanomaterials

Martin¹,

Sarkar²

2019

Cell Culture

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Cell culture-based techniques are employed worldwide to assess risks to optimize design and handling of materials. Nano-scale particles particularly pose a challenge to the predictability of toxicity. This is due to the interplay of several factors including size, shape, surface properties, micro-environment, charge, electronic species etc., that affect the degree of cellular stress. Numerous assays could be employed to understand the nature of toxicity. Some of these include cytotoxicity, metabolic kinetics, modulation in cellular morphology. Various models such as primary cell culture and cell lines can also be employed that best suits a study. Signaling cascades could also be monitored in better understanding cellular responses holistically. Fluorescence microscopy can further be attempted in studying spatial and temporal variations of bio-markers. Ultimately any plethora of dose-response data, need to be streamlined for developing toxicity evaluation protocols that are accurate, cost effective and time saving.

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Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Cause Morphological Changes in Human A549 Cell Line Through Alteration in the Expression Pattern of Small GTPases at mRNA Level

Cited by 17 publications

References 0 publications

Quinacrine inhibits GSTA1 activity and induces apoptosis through G1/S arrest and generation of ROS in human non-small cell lung cancer cell lines

Quinacrine inhibits GSTA1 activity and induces apoptosis through G1/S arrest and generation of ROS in human non-small cell lung cancer cell lines

The in vitro toxicity evaluation of halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) in human lung cells

In Vitro Toxicity Testing of Nanomaterials

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