Zinc electrodeposition from a chloride-free non-aqueous solution based on ethylene glycol and acetate salts

Panzeri, Gabriele; Müller, D.; Accogli, Alessandra; Gibertini, Eugenio; Mauri, Emanuele; Rossi, Filippo; Nobili, Luca Giampaolo; Magagnin, Luca

doi:10.1016/j.electacta.2018.11.060

Cited by 33 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 49 publications

(24 reference statements)

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“…Since the Sn 4+ →Sn 2+ (+0.151 V vs SHE) reaction has a higher reduction potential than Sn 2+ →Sn 0 (−0.138 V vs SHE), a faster zinc dissolution, Zn 0 →Zn 2+ , is expected in a tetravalent tin solution because of the higher driving force of the galvanic cell formed, Zn 2+ →Zn 0 (−0.762 V vs SHE). For similar reasons, the total concentration of salt was set to 0.05–0.1 M to limit the concentration of chlorides, potentially inducing the oxidation of zinc film, while 1 M sodium acetate was used as supporting electrolyte . In particular, the CVs were carried out at 0.05 M SnCl 2 to ensure well‐defined redox peaks while the higher salt concentration (0.1 M) was considered for the actual electrodeposition process to guarantee film homogeneity.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

“…For similar reasons, the total concentration of salt was set to 0.05-0.1 M to limit the concentration of chlorides, potentially inducing the oxidation of zinc film, while 1 M sodium acetate was used as supporting electrolyte. [9,31] In particular, the CVs were carried out at 0.05 M SnCl 2 to ensure well-defined redox peaks while the higher salt concentration (0.1 M) was considered for the actual electrodeposition process to guarantee film homogeneity.…”

Section: Eg-based Tin Solutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electrodeposition of Tin onto Zinc for the Electrochemical Synthesis of Zn/Sn/Cu Precursor Stack for CZTS‐Based Photoconversion Devices

et al. 2020

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In this work, the synthesis of a Mo(sub)/Zn/Sn/Cu metallic stack through electrodeposition is achieved by using an ethyleneglycol-based solution designed to deposit Sn onto a Mo/Zn substrate. The displacement reaction with zinc is minimized through the formation of complexes with diethanolamine. A correlation between the electrochemical behavior of Sn(II) species and the reactivity of zinc upon immersion in the tin plating bath is shown. Morphological and compositional characterization is carried out on the Zn/Sn/Cu stack at the different synthesis steps. Reactive annealing is carried out to convert the metallic precursor into CZTS with a minor presence of secondary phases. The resulting CZTS/CdS/Pt photoelectrode shows a photocurrent density of À 5.73 mA cm À 2 at 0 V vs RHE under 1 sun (AM 1.5 G). This study demonstrates how the chemistry of the plating bath is crucial for the deposition of thin films onto reactive substrates, reducing the technological gap with vacuum-based deposition methods.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Eg-based Tin Solutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrodeposition of Tin onto Zinc for the Electrochemical Synthesis of Zn/Sn/Cu Precursor Stack for CZTS‐Based Photoconversion Devices

et al. 2020

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“…This value is slightly lower than the one that was observed in the case of Zn 2+ reduction in an EG based electrolyte containing zinc acetate. 47 The reason may reside in the different complexation: an acetate containing EG electrolyte does not present chloride moieties, and Zn is consequently forced to form different complexes. 47 In both cases, finally, a broad anodic stripping peak (Zn ox ) can be observed.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrodeposition of ZnNi Alloys from Choline Chloride/Ethylene Glycol Deep Eutectic Solvent and Pure Ethylene Glycol for Corrosion Protection

Bernasconi¹,

Panzeri²,

Firtin³

et al. 2020

J. Phys. Chem. B

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The present work follows the trend to develop nonaqueous electrolytes for the deposition of corrosion resistant ZnNi alloys. It investigates the use of the choline chloride/ethylene glycol (1:2 molar ratio) eutectic mixture and of pure ethylene glycol as solvents for ZnNi electroplating. The electrochemical behavior of Zn and Ni is investigated via cyclic voltammetry, and potentiostatic ZnNi deposition is performed. Ni content is found to be precisely tunable in the 10−20% wt range, which presents the highest industrial interest for corrosion protection. ZnNi coatings obtained are characterized from the morphological and phase composition point of view. Evidence of the formation of a metastable γ ZnNi phase is observed for both choline chloride/ ethylene glycol and pure ethylene glycol. Finally, potentiodynamic corrosion tests are performed to assess their corrosion properties.

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“…Traditionally, zinc has been electrodeposited in aqueous electrolytes. However, problems such as dendritic grain growth [2] or hydrogen evolution, which causes decrease in efficiency as well as substrate embrittlement due to hydrogen adsorption into the crystal structure, [7] are associated with aqueous electrolytes. This is mainly due to the fact that zinc redox potential is lower than hydrogen evolution reaction or electrochemical stability window of water.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zinc Electrodeposition in Acetate‐based Water‐in‐Salt Electrolyte: Experimental and Theoretical Studies

Amiri

Bélanger

2021

ChemElectroChem

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Zinc electroplating has found applications in many fields. The chemical composition of the electrodeposition bath can have a great impact on the final coating quality and the economics of the process. In traditional aqueous electrolytes, zinc deposition competes with the hydrogen evolution and oxygen reduction reactions, which can lead to hydrogen embrittlement of the substrate as well as decrease in efficiency. Highly concentrated water-in-salt electrolytes can suppress these reactions significantly. Here, we show that electrodeposition of zinc with high efficiencies can be achieved using an acetate-based water-in-salt electrolyte at room temperature. Nucleation studies confirm that at potentials more negative than À 1.30 V vs. Ag/AgCl, the three-dimensional (3D) nucleation process becomes instantaneous, while at more positive potentials it is progressive. Using two of the most common nucleation and growth models, Scharifker-Mostany and Mirkin-Nilov-Heerman-Tarallo, nucleation parameters such as the nucleation rate constant and nuclei density are found, showing a good agreement between the two models.

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Zinc electrodeposition from a chloride-free non-aqueous solution based on ethylene glycol and acetate salts

Cited by 33 publications

References 49 publications

Electrodeposition of Tin onto Zinc for the Electrochemical Synthesis of Zn/Sn/Cu Precursor Stack for CZTS‐Based Photoconversion Devices

Electrodeposition of Tin onto Zinc for the Electrochemical Synthesis of Zn/Sn/Cu Precursor Stack for CZTS‐Based Photoconversion Devices

Electrodeposition of ZnNi Alloys from Choline Chloride/Ethylene Glycol Deep Eutectic Solvent and Pure Ethylene Glycol for Corrosion Protection

Zinc Electrodeposition in Acetate‐based Water‐in‐Salt Electrolyte: Experimental and Theoretical Studies

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