Zinc, Cobalt and Selenium Concentrations in the Premature and Full-Term Newborn Eye

Koumantakis, E.; Alexiou, D; Grimanis, A.P.; Kaskarelis, D; Bouzas, Arturo

doi:10.1159/000309259

Cited by 10 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 4 publications

(6 reference statements)

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“…The retina–choroid complex contains the highest concentration of zinc in the eye, as measured using a wide variety of techniques in different species, including humans …”

Section: Zinc In the Normal Retinamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The retina-choroid complex contains the highest concentration of zinc in the eye, as measured using a wide variety of techniques in different species, including humans. [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] Total cellular zinc concentration is estimated to be approximately one hundred micromoles. [106] The majority of intracellular zinc is tightly bound to proteins, compartmentalized, and sequestered with high binding affinities (in the picomolar to femtomolar range), which allows increased cellular zinc utilization.…”

Section: Zinc In the Normal Retinamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Approximately 60% of the total body zinc content is found in skeletal muscle and 30% in bone mass . Of the remaining organs and tissues, the eye has an unusually high zinc content, with the highest amount of zinc concentrated in the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) (RPE‐choroid, 292 ± 98.5 µg/g dry tissue), followed by the retina (123

\pm

62.2 µg g −1 dry tissue) . Zinc exists in the other ocular tissues, in the following (descending) order of content: the ciliary body, iris, optic nerve, sclera, cornea, and the lens …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[3] Of the remaining organs and tissues, the eye has an unusually high zinc content, with the highest amount of zinc concentrated in the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) (RPEchoroid, 292 ± 98.5 µg/g dry tissue), followed by the retina (123 ± 62.2 µg g −1 dry tissue). [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] Zinc exists in the other ocular tissues, in the following (descending) order of content: the ciliary body, iris, optic nerve, sclera, cornea, and the lens. [21,22] The neurosensory retina is a multiple layered tissue, which lines the back of the eye and connects with the brain via the optic nerve.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Zinc Nutrition and Inflammation in the Aging Retina

Gilbert

Pető²,

Lengyel³

et al. 2019

Molecular Nutrition Food Res

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Zinc is an essential nutrient for human health. It plays key roles in maintaining protein structure and stability, serves as catalytic factor for many enzymes, and regulates diverse fundamental cellular processes. Zinc is important in affecting signal transduction and, in particular, in the development and integrity of the immune system, where it affects both innate and adaptive immune responses. The eye, especially the retina‐choroid complex, has an unusually high concentration of zinc compared to other tissues. The highest amount of zinc is concentrated in the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) (RPE‐choroid, 292 ± 98.5 µg g−1 dry tissue), followed by the retina (123±62.2 µg g−1 dry tissue). The interplay between zinc and inflammation has been explored in other parts of the body but, so far, has not been extensively researched in the eye. Several lines of evidence suggest that ocular zinc concentration decreases with age, especially in the context of age‐related disease. Thus, a hypothesis that retinal function could be modulated by zinc nutrition is proposed, and subsequently trialled clinically. In this review, the distribution and the potential role of zinc in the retina‐choroid complex is outlined, especially in relation to inflammation and immunity, and the clinical studies to date are summarized.

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“…The retina–choroid complex contains the highest concentration of zinc in the eye, as measured using a wide variety of techniques in different species, including humans …”

Section: Zinc In the Normal Retinamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Zinc In the Normal Retinamentioning

confidence: 99%

\pm

62.2 µg g −1 dry tissue) . Zinc exists in the other ocular tissues, in the following (descending) order of content: the ciliary body, iris, optic nerve, sclera, cornea, and the lens …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Zinc Nutrition and Inflammation in the Aging Retina

Gilbert

Pető²,

Lengyel³

et al. 2019

Molecular Nutrition Food Res

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“…Zinc concentration in ocular tissues has been determined by flame or flameless atomic absorption spectrophotometry [37,[43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52], neutron activation [53,54], X-ray fluorescence [16], electron probe microanalysis [55], inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry [56,57] and plasma emission spectrophotometry [58]. The amount of zinc varies greatly with age and the ocular tissue examined; however, the retina and uvea usually contain the highest concentrations (Table 1) [16,37,52,53,56,57,59 -62].…”

Section: Localization and Concentration Of Zinc In The Eyementioning

confidence: 99%

Zinc and the Eye

Grahn

Paterson

Gottschall‐Pass

et al. 2001

Journal of the American College of Nutrition

152

118

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Zinc, a trace element that influences cell metabolism through a variety of mechanisms, appears to play an integral role in maintaining normal ocular function. This element is present in high concentrations in ocular tissue, particularly in retina and choroid. Zinc deficiency has been shown in a number of species to result in a variety of gross, ultrastructural and electrophysiologic ocular manifestations. The physiological functions for zinc have been studied predominantly in retina and retinal pigment epithelium where zinc is believed to interact with taurine and vitamin A. modify photoreceptor plasma membranes, regulate the light-rhodopsin reaction, modulate synaptic transmission and serve as an antioxidant. Suboptimal zinc status in North America may influence the development and progression of several chronic eye diseases. Zinc supplementation trials and epidemiological studies have produced conflicting results concerning the role of zinc in age-related macular degeneration. Additional well-controlled supplementation trials are indicated to clarify the role of zinc in this disease. Future investigations must also expand our understanding of the mechanisms by which zinc regulates ocular morphology and function.

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Stabilization of oligomeric structure of α‐crystallin by Zn⁺² through intersubunit bridging

Karmakar

Das

2010

Biopolymers

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α-Crystallin, the major protein of mammalian eye lens, is a member of the small heat shock protein family and is a molecular chaperone. We previously reported that its molecular chaperone function as well as stability increased in presence of Zn+². Despite the effect of Zn+² on the structure and function of α-crystallin, evidence for direct interaction between them remained elusive. We now present the MALDI mass spectrometric data that shows direct evidence of Zn+² binding to recombinant αA- and αB-crystallin. The binding stoichiometry was over three Zn+² per subunit of α-crystallin at zinc/protein molar ratio of 20. Observation of multiple Zn+² binding is consistent with the large increase in thermodynamic stability. Sequence-based analysis of αA- and αB-crystallin predicted both proteins to be nonzinc binding proteins. Our dynamic light scattering data shows that Zn+² stabilizes the oligomeric structure of α-crystallin by bridging neighboring subunits in multiple centers. Despite the low affinity binding, the intersubunit bridging by multiple Zn+² makes the oligomer so stable that oligomer breakdown does not occur even at 6M urea. The subunit bridging has been supported by our FRET data that showed absence of subunit exchange in presence of zinc. MALDI data also showed that the interaction of α-crystallin with Zn+² is quite different from other bivalent metal ions. Bound Zn+² could be easily removed by dialysis of the complex. The relevance of such weak interaction on the stability of the oligomeric structure of α-crystallin and its function in the eye lens has been discussed.

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Zinc, Cobalt and Selenium Concentrations in the Premature and Full-Term Newborn Eye

Cited by 10 publications

References 4 publications

Zinc Nutrition and Inflammation in the Aging Retina

Zinc Nutrition and Inflammation in the Aging Retina

Zinc and the Eye

Stabilization of oligomeric structure of α‐crystallin by Zn⁺² through intersubunit bridging

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Zinc, Cobalt and Selenium Concentrations in the Premature and Full-Term Newborn Eye

Cited by 10 publications

References 4 publications

Zinc Nutrition and Inflammation in the Aging Retina

Zinc Nutrition and Inflammation in the Aging Retina

Zinc and the Eye

Stabilization of oligomeric structure of α‐crystallin by Zn+2 through intersubunit bridging

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Product

Resources

About

Stabilization of oligomeric structure of α‐crystallin by Zn⁺² through intersubunit bridging