Zinc cation supported on carrageenan magnetic nanoparticles: A novel, green and efficient catalytic system for one‐pot three‐component synthesis of quinoline derivatives

Abstract

This is the first report of supporting zinc cation on ƛ‐carrageenan/Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles. The structural and magnetic properties of this hybrid (Zn2+/ƛ‐carrageenan/Fe3O4 nanoparticles) were identified using various techniques. This green and efficient catalytic system was applied in the synthesis of biologically important quinolines. The products were obtained in good to high yields (52–95%) from a one‐pot reaction procedure involving aromatic aldehydes, enolizable aldehydes and aniline derivatives. Our method has many advantages such as mild reaction conditions, easy work‐up, use of a reusable magnetic catalyst and high yields of products.

Recent Developments in the Immobilization of Palladium Complexes on Renewable Polysaccharides for Suzuki–Miyaura Cross-Coupling of Halobenzenes and Phenylboronic Acids

“…In the past decade, the preparation of polysaccharide-supported catalysts for organic reactions, with or without the modification of the support, has attracted increased attention [69]. These include, for example, chitosan [70][71][72] and carrageenans [73,74], which were also themselves used as catalysts, e.g., carrageenans with anionic sulfate groups in their structures were used as heterogeneous Lewis acid catalysts [74], and chitosan with added amine groups was used as a heterogeneous base in Michael addition [75].…”

Immobilized Gelatin–λ–Carrageenan on Magnetite Nanoparticles as an Efficient Organocatalyst for Enantioselective Biginelli Reaction

“…In this work, in the following of our previous report on the synthesis and applications of magnetic nanocatalysts in the synthesis of organic frameworks,, λ–carrageenan was employed for immobilization of gelatin via electrostatic interaction on the surface of Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles to produce sustainable catalyst with potential application in enantioselective synthesis of DHPMs. The employed methodologies and the results will be discussed in the later sections.…”

“…λ–carrageenan bears on the average 2.7 negative charges per repeating disaccharide unit and its aqueous solutions are viscous, but do not make gel . By several research groups including our group, it was successfully immobilized on the surface of inorganic materials and the produced composite was employed as catalyst …”

“…[32] By several research groups including our group, it was successfully immobilized on the surface of inorganic materials and the produced composite was employed as catalyst. [33][34] Another natural polymer is gelatin, which is a denatured product of collagen as a super coiled right-handed triple helix. [35] Gelatin has zwitterion nature, at the above of its isoelectric point (IEP), it has a net positive charge and below this point, it has a net negative charge.…”

“…[40] Previously, the electrostatic interaction has been suggested as Previously, the electrostatic interaction has been suggested as the main driving force for the formation of complexes main driving force for the formation of complexes between positively charged gelatin and negatively charged polyanions e. g. sodium poly (styrene sulfate) or sodium poly(2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonate). [41] In this work, in the following of our previous report on the synthesis and applications of magnetic nanocatalysts in the synthesis of organic frameworks, [33,[42][43] λ-carrageenan was employed for immobilization of gelatin via electrostatic interaction on the surface of Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles to produce sustainable catalyst with potential application in enantioselective synthesis of DHPMs. The employed methodologies and the results will be discussed in the later sections.…”