Zinc and incubation time effect on cadmium chemical fractions in two types of calcareous soil

2023

Biochar has been suggested as a soil supplement to improve soil fertility. The world is covered in microplastics (MPs). A pot greenhouse experiment was carried out to examine the effects of polystyrene (PS), sugarcane bagasse biochar (SBB), and their interactions (PS × SBB) on the CO2 emission and rice yield in a rice paddy calcareous soil. The largest CO2 emissions occurred 35–40 days following rice planting, which corresponds to the tillering stages of rice growth. Higher CO2 emissions were detected after SBB treatment. Our findings showed that applying PS increased CO2 emissions in our soil samples. Our research revealed that adding SBB can boosted the negative effects of PS in the soil. The co‐application of SBB and PS increased PS's stimulation of the CO2 emissions. We infer that PS‐SBB interactions have an impact on global warming potential, microbial community activity, and CO2 emissions. Both SBB rates resulted in a significant increase in biomass and rice grain. Our research indicates that PS has a detrimental effect on rice grain output and biomass, but that the addition of SBB can slightly lessen these effects.

Section: Treatmentssupporting

confidence: 91%

Rice yield and carbon dioxide emissions in a paddy soil: A comparison of biochar and polystyrene microplastics

2023

“…Kamfirouz is a region known for its rice farming in Fars, Iran. Rice farming is permitted on the land in this area 31 …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrous oxide emissions from rice paddy: Impacts of rice straw and water management

2023

Typically, organic amendment additions like rice straw (RS) are used in agriculture to improve soil quality. The application of RS may influence the production of methane and nitrous oxide (N 2 O), which may increase the amount of accessible nutrients and organic matter (OM). When compared to farmers' practices of continuous flooding irrigation (CFI), water management (WM) techniques like alternative wetness and dryness irrigation (AWDI) in paddy rice cultivation boost water use efficiency and may result in lower greenhouse gas (GHGs) emissions. A randomized complete block design (RCBD) was employed to evaluate the impacts of WM (CFI and AWDI), RS (15.0 and 30.0 ton ha À1 ), and their interaction (RS*WM) on the N 2 O emission and rice yield in a rice paddy calcareous soil. In comparison to control, a single application of RS at 15.0 and 30.0 ton ha À1 significantly reduced N 2 O emissions by 16.20% and 31.40% (p < 0.01). AWDI regime increased N 2 O emissions by 67.0% in comparison to the CFI regime (p < 0.01). According to two tailed Pearson correlation, the correlations between AWDI and N 2 O emissions in the days following rice planting were significantly positive at 0.01 levels. In AWDI regime, adding RS significantly reduced N 2 O emissions by 18.68% and 31.55% in 15.0 and 30.0 ton ha À1 added RS, respectively, compared to solo WM treatments (p < 0.01). Both RS rates resulted in a considerable increase in biomass and rice grain while AWDI had no significant effect on them. Our study shows that AWDI saved 18.50% water in comparison with CFI regime.

“…30. Calcium carbonate equivalent (CCE) By using the acid‐neutralization method 27 and the available Mn, Fe, Zn, Cu, and Cd extracted with the 0.005 M DTPA solution, 31 were computed (Table 1 32,33 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The hydrometer method, 26 the pH in the 1:1 suspension of soil and water, 27 the electrical conductivity (EC) in the 1:1 suspension extract of soil and water, 28 and the Walkley and Black method 29 and the available Mn, Fe, Zn, Cu, and Cd extracted with the 0.005 M DTPA solution, 31 were computed (Table 1 32,33 ).…”

Section: Soil and Ws Sample Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the efficacy of water management and wheat straw addition in mitigating methane emissions from rice paddy fields

2023

To improve the quality of soil, agriculture typically uses organic additions like wheat straw (WS). Water management (WM) methods such as alternative wetness and dryness irrigation (AWDI) in paddy rice farming can increase water use efficiency and reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. In this study, a randomized complete block design (RCBD) pot greenhouse experiment was conducted to assess the effects of WM (CFI (continued flooding irrigation) and AWDI), WS (15.0 and 30.0 ton ha−1), and their interaction (WS*WM) on CH4 emissions and rice yield in a paddy calcareous soil cultivated with rice. The largest CH4 emission occurred 30 and 70 days following rice planting. Single applications of WS at 15.0 and 30.0 ton ha−1 significantly increased CH4 emissions by 19.60% and 68.70% (P < 0.01), respectively, compared to the Control. Compared to CFI, the AWDI reduced CH4 emissions by 31.20% (P < 0.01). The correlations between AWDI and CH4 emissions in days after rice planting were significantly negative at the 0.01 level based on Pearson correlation. Adding WS in the AWDI significantly decreased CH4 emissions by 27.70 and 25.64% in 15.0 and 30.0 ton ha−1 added WS (P < 0.05), respectively, compared to sole WS. Both rates of WS resulted in a considerable increase in biomass and rice grain compared to the Control, while the AWDI had no significant effect on biomass and grain yield. Our data showed significant interaction between AWDI and WS on biomass. Our study shows that the AWDI saved 18.50% water compared to the CFI.