Zika virus infection in pregnant women and their children: A review

Marbán-Castro, Elena; Goncé, Anna; Fumadó, Victòria; Romero-Acevedo, Lucía; Bardají, Azucena

doi:10.1016/j.ejogrb.2021.07.012

Cited by 54 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 89 publications

(103 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…This spectrum of signs and symptoms was described under the term Congenital Zika Syndrome (CZS) [ 1 , 2 ]. CZS includes a diverse pattern of structural brain anomalies and functional disabilities in affected children, secondary to central nervous system damage [ 3 ]. Microcephaly is its most common sign, observed in 80% of CZS cases [ 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…CZS includes a diverse pattern of structural brain anomalies and functional disabilities in affected children, secondary to central nervous system damage [ 3 ]. Microcephaly is its most common sign, observed in 80% of CZS cases [ 3 ]. ZIKV infection, especially in the first trimester of pregnancy, was associated with severe outcomes in fetuses and children [ 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

“One feels anger to know there is no one to help us!”. Perceptions of mothers of children with Zika virus-associated microcephaly in Caribbean Colombia: A qualitative study

et al. 2022

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background The epidemic of Zika virus (ZIKV) was associated with a sudden and unprecedented increase in infants born with microcephaly. Colombia was the second most affected country by the epidemic in the Americas. Primary caregivers of children with ZIKV-associated microcephaly, their mothers mainly, were at higher risk of suffering anxiety and depression. Often, these women were stigmatized and abandoned by their partners, relatives, and communities. Methodology/Principal findings This study aimed to understand the perceptions about ZIKV infection among mothers of children born with microcephaly during the ZIKV epidemic in Caribbean Colombia, and the barriers and facilitators affecting child health follow-up. An exploratory qualitative study, based on Phenomenology and Grounded Theory, was conducted in Caribbean Colombia. Data were collected through In-Depth Interviews (IDI) from women who delivered a baby with microcephaly during the ZIKV epidemic at Clínica Salud Social, Sincelejo, Sucre District (N = 11). The themes that emerged during the interviews included experiences from their lives before pregnancy; knowledge about ZIKV; experiences and perceptions when diagnosed; considering a possible termination of pregnancy, and children’s clinical follow-up. In some cases, women reported having been told they were having a baby with microcephaly but decided not to terminate the pregnancy; while in other cases, women found out about their newborn’s microcephaly condition only at birth. The main barriers encountered by participants during children’s follow-up included the lack of psychosocial and economic support, the stigmatization and abandonment by some partners and relatives, and the frustration of seeing the impaired development of their children. Conclusions This study contributed to identifying the social, medical, psychological, and economic needs of families with children affected by the ZIKV epidemic. Commitment and action by local and national governments, and international bodies, is required to ensure sustained and quality health services by affected children and their families.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“One feels anger to know there is no one to help us!”. Perceptions of mothers of children with Zika virus-associated microcephaly in Caribbean Colombia: A qualitative study

et al. 2022

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Zika virus (ZIKV) infection during pregnancy is a cause of pregnancy loss and multiple clinical and neurological birth defects in children, including microcephaly and congenital Zika syndrome (CZS) [ 1 , 2 , 3 ]. Vertical transmission of the virus occurs in 20% to 30% of infants born to ZIKV-infected pregnant women, and the range of manifestations is very wide, from pregnancy loss to CZS [ 4 , 5 ]. Almost half of infants infected through vertical transmission do not present with any ZIKV-associated signs or symptoms within the first week of life [ 4 , 5 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Vertical transmission of the virus occurs in 20% to 30% of infants born to ZIKV-infected pregnant women, and the range of manifestations is very wide, from pregnancy loss to CZS [ 4 , 5 ]. Almost half of infants infected through vertical transmission do not present with any ZIKV-associated signs or symptoms within the first week of life [ 4 , 5 ]. Fetuses of infected women have a 5 to 14% risk of developing CZS and a 4 to 6% risk of microcephaly, and in those who develop CZS, 80% of them present with microcephaly [ 5 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Almost half of infants infected through vertical transmission do not present with any ZIKV-associated signs or symptoms within the first week of life [ 4 , 5 ]. Fetuses of infected women have a 5 to 14% risk of developing CZS and a 4 to 6% risk of microcephaly, and in those who develop CZS, 80% of them present with microcephaly [ 5 ]. Microcephaly is usually readily apparent at birth, but some adverse consequences of in utero ZIKV exposure may only be observable in early childhood or when children start school, which is still critical to know [ 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Neurodevelopment in Normocephalic Children Exposed to Zika Virus in Utero with No Observable Defects at Birth: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis

Marbán-Castro

Guillamet

Pantoja

et al. 2022

IJERPH

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Zika virus (ZIKV) infection during pregnancy is a cause of pregnancy loss and multiple clinical and neurological anomalies in children. This systematic review aimed to assess the effect of ZIKV exposure in utero on the long-term neurodevelopment of normocephalic children born to women with ZIKV infection in pregnancy. This review was conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines for systematic reviews and meta-analyses. We performed a random effects meta-analysis to estimate the cross-study prevalence of neurodevelopmental delays in children using the Bayley Scales for Infant and Toddler Development (BSID-III). The risk of bias was assessed using Cochrane’s Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. Full-text reviews were performed for 566 articles, and data were extracted from 22 articles corresponding to 20 studies. Nine articles including data from 476 children found 6.5% (95% CI: 4.1–9.3) of infants and children to have any type of non-language cognitive delay; 29.7% (95% CI: 21.7–38.2) to have language delay; and 11.5% (95% CI: 4.8–20.1) to have any type of motor delay. The pooled estimates had a high level of heterogeneity; thus, results should be interpreted with caution. Larger prospective studies that include a non-exposed control group are needed to confirm whether ZIKV exposure in utero is associated with adverse child neurodevelopmental outcomes.

show abstract

Zika virus screening during pregnancy: Results and lessons learned from a screening program and a post‐delivery follow‐up analysis (2016–2022)

Martínez‐Arias,

Valerio,

Roure‐Díez

et al. 2023

Birth Defects Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ObjectiveTo evaluate a Zika virus screening program applied to asymptomatic exposed pregnant women.MethodologyAnalysis of data generated during the roll out of a Zika screening program. We included socio‐demographic data, ultrasounds, and serological results (IgM, IgG, and Plaque Reduction Neutralization Test; PRNT) from asymptomatic pregnant women exposed to Zika virus enrolled in the screening program between 2016 to 2019.ResultsWe included 406 asymptomatic ZIKV‐exposed pregnant women who gave 400 full‐term new‐borns. The median age was 30 years (IQR = 25–34), which was lower (29 years; IQR = 24–34) among women of non‐EU migrant origin (76.4% of the sample). Migrant women tended to delay the first pre‐natal consultation compared to EU origin women (p = .003). Overall, 83.2% (N = 328) of participants had ZIKV low risk serological profile (IgM−/IgG− or IgM−/IgG+ and PRNT‐), 3.0% (N = 12) showed high risk of recent ZIKV infection (IgM+ or PRNT+) and 13.7% (N = 54) had indeterminate results. A fetal malformation was identified in 29 children (9.3%). Fetal malformation was associated with a ZIKV high risk serological profile [24 out of the 246 (1.6%) with low risk profile and 3 out of the 12 with at high risk profile (25.0%; p = .02)]. Four newborns with high risk profile had a positive ZIKV‐PCR test, which included two cases with microcephaly. No association was observed between maternal exposure to ZIKV infection and developmental abnormalities during the post‐natal period follow‐up.ConclusionsThe ZIKV‐screening program had considerable costs and yielded a high rate of indeterminate results among asymptomatic pregnant women. Considering the poor value for decision‐making of the results, efforts should focus on providing early access to routine maternity care, especially to migrant women. A simpler screening protocol might consider an initial ZIKV‐PCR or IgM determination and subsequent referral to a fetal medicine specialist in those women with a positive result and/or whom ultrasound examination has revealed fetal abnormalities (10% of total women in our study sample).

show abstract

Zika virus infection in pregnant women and their children: A review

Cited by 54 publications

References 89 publications

“One feels anger to know there is no one to help us!”. Perceptions of mothers of children with Zika virus-associated microcephaly in Caribbean Colombia: A qualitative study

“One feels anger to know there is no one to help us!”. Perceptions of mothers of children with Zika virus-associated microcephaly in Caribbean Colombia: A qualitative study

Neurodevelopment in Normocephalic Children Exposed to Zika Virus in Utero with No Observable Defects at Birth: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis

Zika virus screening during pregnancy: Results and lessons learned from a screening program and a post‐delivery follow‐up analysis (2016–2022)

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About