Zero-lag intensity correlation properties in small ring laser network with heterogeneous delays

Secure Optical Communication Based on Cluster Chaos Synchronization in Semiconductor Lasers Network

“…Here, b and p are respectively set as 10 and 0.1. The mutually coupled SLs in the small world network are divided into a set of clusters referred to as (1, 2, 9), (3,12), (4, 7), (5,11), (6), (8,10), according to the symmetries of the global network. These clusters are respectively referred to as C A , C B , C C , C D , C E , C F , wherein cluster C A , C B , C C , C D , C F are non-trivial clusters and cluster C E is a trivial cluster consisting of only one SL.…”

“…The adjacency matrix of the small-world SLs network is expressed in (4). The other intrinsic parameters of SLs are set as the representative values for typical semiconductor laser [5], [10]: the photon lifetime τ p = 2 ps, the threshold current I th = 14.7 mA, the current factor u = 1.5, the electric charge q = 1.6 × 10 −19 C, the carrier lifetime τ e = 2 ns, the linewidth-enhancement factor α = 5, the spontaneous emission rate β = 1.5 × 10 −6 ns −1 , the differential gain coefficient g = 1.5 × 10 4 s −1 , the transparency carrier density N 0 = 1.5 × 10 8 , the nonlinear saturation coefficient s = 5 × 10 −7 , the wavelength of SLs is λ 0 = 1550 nm, and the frequency ω 0 = 1.936 × 10 14 rad/s. In addition, the Gaussian noise χ(t) with unity variance and zero mean is adopted to model the spontaneous emission noise.…”