Zero Energy Building – A review of definitions and calculation methodologies

Marszal, Anna Joanna; Heiselberg, Per; Bourrelle, Julien S.; Musall, Eike; Voss, Karsten; Sartori, Igor; Napolitano, Assunta

doi:10.1016/j.enbuild.2010.12.022

Cited by 930 publications

(327 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…primary or end use energy). All definitions assume significant energy efficiency as a first step [10][11][12]. Common terminology includes  Net zero energy home: energy consumption vs energy generation (onsite/source)  Net energy solar home: onsite generation is solar  Net zero energy costs ($ earned from exports vs $ spent on imports)  Net zero energy emissions / zero carbon home…”

Section: What Is a Zero Energy Building (Zeb)?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Anatomy of a sub-tropical Positive Energy Home (PEH)

Miller

Buys

2012

Solar Energy

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Zero energy buildings (ZEB) and zero energy homes (ZEH) are a current hot topic globally for policy makers (what are the benefits and costs), designers (how do we design them), the construction industry (can we build them), marketing (will consumers buy them) and researchers (do they work and what are the implications). This paper presents initial findings from actual measured data from a 9 star (as built), off-ground detached family home constructed in south-east Queensland in 2008. The integrated systems approach to the design of the house is analysed in each of its three main goals: maximising the thermal performance of the building envelope, minimising energy demand whilst maintaining energy service levels, and implementing a multi-pronged low carbon approach to energy supply. The performance outcomes of each of these stages are evaluated against definitions of Net Zero Carbon / Net Zero Emissions (Site and Source) and Net Zero Energy (onsite generation vs primary energy imports). The paper will conclude with a summary of the multiple benefits of combining very high efficiency building envelopes with diverse energy management strategies: a robustness, resilience, affordability and autonomy not generally seen in housing.

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Section: What Is a Zero Energy Building (Zeb)?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Anatomy of a sub-tropical Positive Energy Home (PEH)

Miller

Buys

2012

Solar Energy

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“…The EPBD Recast, Directive 2010/31/EU [1], sets that each European Member State should regulate in order to achieve, for new buildings in 2020, nearly Zero Energy Buildings (nZEB, also known as Net Zero Energy Buildings). Although there is not a common definition among all countries [2], it is conceptually accepted as necessary to reduce the energy demand for heating and ventilation and, for warmer climates, also for cooling. Moreover, the remaining energy demand, or at least a substantial part of it, should be covered by energy produced using renewable sources in the building itself or nearby.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solar Load Ratio and ISO 13790 methodologies: Indirect gains from sunspaces

Panão

Camelo

Gonçalves

2012

Energy and Buildings

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This paper reviews and analyzes the compatibility of the simplified empirical method based on the dimensionless parameter of Solar Load Ratio (SLR) and the monthly procedure of the standard ISO 13790 for indirect gains, specifically for unconditioned zones adjacent to a conditioned zone, but separated from it by a partition wall (sunspaces).The main contribution of the work presented here is the new formulation to account SLR correlations in ISO 13790, obtained for sunspaces, but generalizable for other solar systems with known SLR functions.Simulation models are used to perform a sensitivity analysis of internal gains and heat transfer through solar collector surfaces, both issues that distinguishes ISO 13790 from Load Ratio methods. The analysis shows that internal gains can be added to the heat source term or subtracted to heat transfer term without influencing the utilization factor dependence with the gain-to-loss ratio. On the other hand, the SLR assumption that solar collector surfaces are neutral elements and, therefore, not added to the heat transfer term, results in large inconsistencies between SLR and ISO 13790 methods.The detailed monthly methodology of ISO 13790 fairly reproduces results obtained by simulation. However, predictions from the simplified monthly methodology of ISO 13790 fail in mid season months and coldest months.

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“…The PV size is estimated to be 300 W h per house with 2 125 A h/C10, 12 V series batteries and a 10 A charge regulator; all connected to the house, (MEDREC, 2005) (see Tables 1 & 2). According to Marszal et al, there are no standardized calculation procedures for zero energy buildings (ZEB), and most of the calculations that do exist are just individual approaches in each particular ZEB case (Marszal et al, 2011). Based on this, we estimated a calculation for the energy consumed by electrical appliances in the surveyed houses shown in Table 2.…”

Section: Energy Consumption Calculation Before and After Using Pvmentioning

confidence: 99%

Roof top PV retrofitting: A rehabilitation assessment towards nearly zero energy buildings in remote off-grid vernacular settlements in Egypt

Dabaieh

Makhlouf

Hosny³

2016

Solar Energy

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Vernacular buildings in Egypt express a variety of passive low-tech approaches in design and construction to achieve human comfort and fulfil inhabitants' requirements. They have been devised to suit living in regions where local inhabitants had to invent various passive building strategies to live under severe local climatic conditions without depending on fossil fuels. This paper discusses a retrofitting approach for off-grid vernacular buildings in the Western Desert of Egypt. The study hypothesis argues that, when retrofitted and equipped with renewable energy solutions, vernacular structures can act as nearly zero energy buildings. A post occupancy evaluation was used as an assessment tool for two pilot projects that served as case studies. Results showed that combining vernacular passive strategies with affordable active renewables such as roof top solar panels results in a hybrid energy efficient retrofitting solution for deprived off-grid vernacular buildings. The intention is for the results to act as a basis for future retrofitting that would take into account the challenges and obstacles inherent in such work. This is an aim capable of contributing to a reduction of energy consumption that would also encourage retrofitting using renewable solutions for existing housing stock in Egypt.

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Zero Energy Building – A review of definitions and calculation methodologies

Cited by 930 publications

References 15 publications

Anatomy of a sub-tropical Positive Energy Home (PEH)

Anatomy of a sub-tropical Positive Energy Home (PEH)

Solar Load Ratio and ISO 13790 methodologies: Indirect gains from sunspaces

Roof top PV retrofitting: A rehabilitation assessment towards nearly zero energy buildings in remote off-grid vernacular settlements in Egypt

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