Zeolite-Templated Carbon as an Ordered Microporous Electrode for Aluminum Batteries

Abstract

High surface area porous carbon frameworks exhibit potential advantages over crystalline graphite as an electrochemical energy storage material owing to the possibility of faster ion transport and up to double the ion capacity, assuming a surface-based mechanism of storage. When detrimental surface-related effects such as irreversible capacity loss due to interphase formation (known as solid-electrolyte interphase, SEI) can be mitigated or altogether avoided, the greatest advantage can be achieved by maximizing the gravimetric and volumetric surface area and by tailoring the porosity to accommodate the relevant ion species. We investigate this concept by employing zeolite-templated carbon (ZTC) as the cathode in an aluminum battery based on a chloroaluminate ionic liquid electrolyte. Its ultrahigh surface area and dense, conductive network of homogeneous channels (12 Å in width) render ZTC suitable for the fast, dense storage of AlCl ions (6 Å in ionic diameter). With aluminum as the anode, full cells were prepared which simultaneously exhibited both high specific energy (up to 64 Wh kg, 30 Wh L) and specific power (up to 290 W kg, 93 W L), highly stable cycling performance, and complete reversibility within the potential range of 0.01-2.20 V.

A Computational Study of a Single‐Walled Carbon‐Nanotube‐Based Ultrafast High‐Capacity Aluminum Battery

“…[20,65] We considered three orientations of AlCl 4 adsorption as shown in Figure 1a (1): This concepto fA lCl 4 adsorption has also been studied in previouse xperimental reports.…”

Halogenid‐basierte Materialien und Chemie für wiederaufladbare Batterien

“…Stadie et al. setzten geordneten mikroporösen und sp 2 ‐hybridisierten Kohlenstoff mit einer hohen spezifischen Oberfläche über 3500 m 2 g −1 als Kathode ein und erlangten eine Zunahme in der Energiedichte auf 64 Wh kg −1 . Kravchyk et al.…”

Recent Progress and Future Trends of Aluminum Batteries

“…Besides graphite-based materials, other carbonaceous materials, such as zeolite-templated microporous carbon (ZTC), [49] carbon nanotubes (CNTs), [50] have been also developed as electrodes for AIBs. The ZTC was prepared through a hard-template method with a high surface area and large homogeneous channels (around 1.2 nm in width).…”