“…The complex crystal growth process of zeolites is represented as a synergy between solution mediated and solid-phase transformation. [4][5][6][7] Extensive microscopic and spectroscopic study of the intermediate and final products led to a substantial understanding of the zeolite crystal growth process. [8][9][10][11][12][13][14] For example, atomic force microscopy and scanning microscopy provided dynamic surface morphology information at nanoscale level and evidence for layer-by-layer growth and crystallization of MFI, LTA, CHA zeolites via oriented nano-particle attachment.…”
The inner heterogeneity of ZSM-5 zeolite and the building mechanism of inner architecture in zeolite synthesis was revealed through NH4F-etching. The inner heterogeneity of ZSM-5 zeolite was described by the concepts of defect-zoning and Al-zoning.
“…The complex crystal growth process of zeolites is represented as a synergy between solution mediated and solid-phase transformation. [4][5][6][7] Extensive microscopic and spectroscopic study of the intermediate and final products led to a substantial understanding of the zeolite crystal growth process. [8][9][10][11][12][13][14] For example, atomic force microscopy and scanning microscopy provided dynamic surface morphology information at nanoscale level and evidence for layer-by-layer growth and crystallization of MFI, LTA, CHA zeolites via oriented nano-particle attachment.…”
The inner heterogeneity of ZSM-5 zeolite and the building mechanism of inner architecture in zeolite synthesis was revealed through NH4F-etching. The inner heterogeneity of ZSM-5 zeolite was described by the concepts of defect-zoning and Al-zoning.
“…The oriented aggregation governs the zeolite growth in early stages in the liquid phase and the equilibrated gel interface. The major driving force for the aggregation is the electrostatic force between the positively charged active metal cations and the negative charges of the (TO – ) groups on the surface of the nuclei and growing nanocrystals . Aluminum at the external surface of ZSM-22 crystals might be the driving force for the lateral aggregation .…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The major driving force for the aggregation is the electrostatic force between the positively charged active metal cations and the negative charges of the (TO − ) groups on the surface of the nuclei and growing nanocrystals. 22 Aluminum at the external surface of ZSM-22 crystals might be the driving force for the lateral aggregation. 23 In the recrystallization process, Si species which occupied a considerable proportion in amorphous particles aggregated and fused.…”
A facile method was developed to precisely control the particle size of nanosized ZSM-22 zeolite with a range of 80− 850 nm via a two-step crystallization procedure. Based on the ZSM-22 crystallization process, inhibiting or promoting the crystal growth and the fusion of nanocrystals are crucial to obtain specific sized ZSM-22. For this purpose, the crystallization process of ZSM-22 was quenched after 12 h to obtain abundantly viable ZSM-22 nanocrystals formed on the aluminosilicate amorphous particles. In the recrystallization process, the viable nanocrystals continued to crystallize and the dissolved amorphous particles released Si and Al species as nutrients. After further simplifying the procedures, some additives were used at the very beginning of the recrystallization procedure. Not only small crystals can be formed but also the crystal length of ZSM-22 along the [001] direction varies from 80 to 850 nm. We have systematically investigated the influencing factors such as alkali metal cations and the alkalinity of the synthesis system on the mechanism of ZSM-22 zeolite nucleation and growth and the morphology and yield of products. We report a facile synthetic route for size-controlled nanosized ZSM-22 by decoupling its nucleation and growth processes for the first time.
“…The primary particles are generated from the dissolution of T-O bonds of the initial gel with activated Na þ and OH À and the major driving force for the zeolite growth by the monomer, nucleus and crystal attachments is the electrostatic force between the positively charges of the active Na þ and the negative charges of the (TO À ) groups [33]. With increasing NaOH concentration in the initial gel, the rate of both the dissolution of the solid gel and the condensation of the primary particles by the electrostatic force increase, leading to a increase in supersaturation level of the T-O-Na-(HO-T) phase which favors the zeolite nucleation.…”
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