Zebrafish phosvitin-derived peptide Pt5 inhibits melanogenesis via cAMP pathway

Abstract

Zebrafish phosvitin-derived peptide Pt5, consisting of the C-terminal 55 residues of phosvitin, has been shown to have an antimicrobial-immunomodulatory activity comparable to phosvitin. Here, we showed clearly that Pt5 had the capacity to inhibit tyrosinase (TYR) activity and melanin biosynthesis, and this inhibition was independent of cell proliferation and cytotoxic effects. Incubation of fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-labeled Pt5 with B16F10 melanoma cells revealed that Pt5 was localized in the cytoplasm of the cells. In addition, Pt5 inhibited the expression of TYR, tyrosinase-related protein-1 (TRP-1), tyrosinase-related protein-2 (TRP-2), and microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) in B16F10 melanoma cells and reduced the intracellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) concentration in the cells, but it did not affect the cellular contents of pERK1/2 and β-catenin, suggesting that Pt5 regulates melanin biosynthesis via cAMP signaling pathway rather than Wnt and MAPK pathways. Collectively, these data indicate that Pt5 has the potential to be used as a melanogenesis inhibitor in medical and cosmetic industry, a novel role ever reported.

Naturally occurring and synthetic peptides: Efficient tyrosinase inhibitors

“…It has been speculated that the inhibitory effect of Pt5 was associated with the presence of polar and uncharged amino acid residues, serine, and arginine in its structure. There was no reduction in cell proliferation in the MTT assay on B16F10 melanoma cells 49 …”

“…There was no reduction in cell proliferation in the MTT assay on B16F10 melanoma cells. 49 Liang et al reported that collagen peptides from milkfish scales (MSCP) had whitening effects on skin by chelating of tyrosinase copper (IC 50 = 752.4 μg/m); however, no details on the sequences were reported. 50 Nie et al used phage displaying technique and found a heptapeptide (Ile-Gln-Ser-Pro-His-Phe-Phe) that could inhibit tyrosinase with IC 50 s = 1.7 and 4.0 mM for monophenolase and diphenolase, respectively.…”

Rice Bran Ash Mineral Extract Increases Pigmentation through the p-ERK Pathway in Zebrafish (Danio rerio)

“…Melanin is an effective absorber of light, capable of protecting human skin from damage caused by UV radiation [18]. Melanogenesis plays a critical role in protecting skin against external stresses such as UV irradiation and oxidative stressors [19].…”

“…Expression of pigmentation-related genes such as tyrosinase, TRP1, and TRP2 is mediated by MITF [19,29]. MITF is well known as the master regulator of melanin synthesis [18,30] and controls several key mechanisms including pigmentation, dendricity, and proliferation in response to environmental factors such as UV radiation [31].…”

Combination of High Hydrostatic Pressure and Ultrafiltration to Generate a New Emulsifying Ingredient from Egg Yolk

“…As a consequence, phosvitin and the phosphopeptides generated from its enzymatic hydrolysis exhibit high antioxidant activities [4,[10][11][12]. Phosvitin is also recognized for its antimicrobial activity [13], its action against melanogenesis [14][15][16], and its ability to improve the bioavailability of calcium in the intestine and the absorption of calcium by bones [17][18][19][20]. Some studies have also investigated the emulsifying properties of phosvitin [10,[21][22][23][24][25].…”