Zarys przyrodniczych i antropogenicznych uwarunkowań rozwoju systemów dolinnych i korytowych w Polsce

Abstract

The paper is an attempt to review the state of current knowledge and discussion on the evolution and typology of valley and river channel systems in Poland. Contemporary landscapes of valley systems and river channel systems reflect the overlap of multiple natural and anthropogenic factors. Among them, climate changes and regional morphotectonic and morphogenetic determinants are of crucial importance. Over the last decades, these landscapes have undergone substantial transformations, among others as a result of climate change and as a consequence of changing hydrological conditions, land use, as well as a result of increasing human interference in river channel and valley systems. It thus follows from the circumstances that attempts are made to classify different evolutionary types and subtypes of river valleys and different types of contemporary river channel patterns and floodplains that reflect complex and often overlapping natural and anthropogenic conditions.

Geochemical characteristics of Late Glacial and Holocene biogenic sediments in central Poland and implications for reconstructing the palaeoenvironment

“…As a result, the above-described geological and geomorphological conditions of the catchment area of individual peatlands in conjunction with selected climatic parameters (Tomczyk, Bednorz 2022) are responsible for the spatial differentiation of river runoff seasonality (Jokiel, Tomalski 2015) and are confirmed by the research of Andrzejewski et al (2018) on the role of inland runoff and surface runoff in the circulation of matter. Geomorphological research to date suggests that the postglacial circulation of matter in the study area was strongly differentiated, as it concerned subenvironments of not only fluvial (Starkel 1997;Turkowska 1997), slope (Dzieduszyńska et al 2020) and aeolian character (Goździk 1991;Manikowska 1995) but also watershed zones with locally varied post-Saalian relief (Majecka et al 2018).…”

Medieval Relict Beaver Ponds in the Polish Plain: Studies from the Tuchola Forest

“…Most of the contemporary valleys are situated in the area of subglacial outflows with potholes formed by dead ice [59,60]. In some wider parts of small valleys in the roof of postglacial fluvial sediments, gyttja and lake chalk remnants are found covered with peat and organic and mineral mud from shallow water reservoirs or bogs.…”

“…In Poland, studies on the evolution of river valleys in various landscapes of the Vistula and the Oder basins have continued for more than 40 years [41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60]. A summary of Polish studies compared with the achievements of researchers from Central and Eastern Europe was presented by [61].…”

Natural and Geomorphological Response of the Small Lowland River Valley for Anthropogenic Transformation

“…Polish river valleys reflect the superimposition of many natural and anthropogenic conditions [20]. There are areas of the biggest intensity of the morphodynamical processes in Polish Lowlands, which results from reciprocal impacts of hydrological and geological factors [14,[20][21][22].…”

“…Polish river valleys reflect the superimposition of many natural and anthropogenic conditions [20]. There are areas of the biggest intensity of the morphodynamical processes in Polish Lowlands, which results from reciprocal impacts of hydrological and geological factors [14,[20][21][22]. The relief of river bottoms and their bank zones (the proximal part of the floodplain) is constantly changing, causing the disappearance of some habitats and the development of new ones, so the valley biotopes are at different stages of succession and sometimes undergo partial or total degradation.…”